Functions of Site-Specific Histone Acetylation and Deacetylation
| Autor: | Michael Grunstein, Mona D. Shahbazian |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
Histone acetylation and deacetylation
Transcription Genetic SAP30 Biochemistry Histone Deacetylases Substrate Specificity Histones Histone H4 chemistry.chemical_compound Histone H1 Multienzyme Complexes Heterochromatin DNA Packaging Histone H2A Animals Humans Sirtuins Histone code Gene Silencing Histone octamer Histone Acetyltransferases Genetics Chemistry Nucleosomes Cell biology Protein Subunits Gene Expression Regulation Histone methyltransferase Nucleic Acid Conformation Molecular Chaperones |
| Zdroj: | Annual Review of Biochemistry. 76:75-100 |
| ISSN: | 1545-4509 0066-4154 |
| DOI: | 10.1146/annurev.biochem.76.052705.162114 |
| Popis: | Histone acetylation regulates many cellular processes, and specific acetylation marks, either singly or in combination, produce distinct outcomes. For example, the acetylation pattern on newly synthesized histones is important for their assembly into nucleosomes by histone chaperones. Additionally, the degree of chromatin compaction and folding may be regulated by acetylation of histone H4 at lysine 16. Histone acetylation also regulates the formation of heterochromatin; deacetylation of H4 lysine 16 is important for spreading of heterochromatin components, whereas acetylation of this site serves as a barrier to this spreading. Finally, histone acetylation is critical for gene transcription, but recent results suggest that deacetylation of certain sites also plays an important role. There are many histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and deacetylases, with differing preferences for the various histone proteins and for specific sites on individual histones. Determining how these enzymes create distinct acetylation patterns and regulate the functional outcome is an important challenge. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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