Both aerobic endurance and strength training programmes improve cardiovascular health in obese adults
| Autor: | Arnt Erik Tjønna, Ulrik Wisløff, Harald E. M. Hansen, Gjertrud Aunet Tyldum, Ole J. Kemi, Anja Bye, Inga Ekeberg Schjerve, Stig A. Slørdahl, Godfrey L. Smith, Per Magnus Haram, Garreth Heinrich, Sonia M. Najjar, Tomas Stølen, Jan Pål Loennechen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Brachial Artery Strength training education Muscle Proteins Blood Pressure Physical exercise Interval training Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases Oxygen Consumption medicine Humans Aerobic exercise Muscle Strength Obesity Muscle Skeletal Leg press Heat-Shock Proteins Ultrasonography Leg Anthropometry business.industry VO2 max General Medicine Training effect Middle Aged Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha Exercise Therapy Treatment Outcome Body Composition Physical Endurance Physical therapy Female Endothelium Vascular business Anaerobic exercise Biomarkers Transcription Factors |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Science. 115:283-293 |
| ISSN: | 1470-8736 0143-5221 |
| DOI: | 10.1042/cs20070332 |
| Popis: | Regular exercise training is recognized as a powerful tool to improve work capacity, endothelial function and the cardiovascular risk profile in obesity, but it is unknown which of high-intensity aerobic exercise, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or strength training is the optimal mode of exercise. In the present study, a total of 40 subjects were randomized to high-intensity interval aerobic training, continuous moderate-intensity aerobic training or maximal strength training programmes for 12 weeks, three times/week. The high-intensity group performed aerobic interval walking/running at 85–95% of maximal heart rate, whereas the moderate-intensity group exercised continuously at 60–70% of maximal heart rate; protocols were isocaloric. The strength training group performed ‘high-intensity’ leg press, abdominal and back strength training. Maximal oxygen uptake and endothelial function improved in all groups; the greatest improvement was observed after high-intensity training, and an equal improvement was observed after moderate-intensity aerobic training and strength training. High-intensity aerobic training and strength training were associated with increased PGC-1α (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α) levels and improved Ca2+ transport in the skeletal muscle, whereas only strength training improved antioxidant status. Both strength training and moderate-intensity aerobic training decreased oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein) levels. Only aerobic training decreased body weight and diastolic blood pressure. In conclusion, high-intensity aerobic interval training was better than moderate-intensity aerobic training in improving aerobic work capacity and endothelial function. An important contribution towards improved aerobic work capacity, endothelial function and cardiovascular health originates from strength training, which may serve as a substitute when whole-body aerobic exercise is contra-indicated or difficult to perform. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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