Smoking reduction with oral nicotine inhalers: double blind, randomised clinical trial of efficacy and safety
| Autor: | Åke Westin, U Säwe, André P. Perruchoud, Jean-Pierre Zellweger, Tobias Danielsson, A Robidou, X van Biljon, Chris T. Bolliger |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
business.industry medicine.medical_treatment Placebo-controlled study General Medicine Placebo Surgery law.invention Nicotine Clinical trial Randomized controlled trial law Papers Physical therapy medicine Smoking cessation business Smoking Reduction Nicotine replacement medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | BMJ. 321:329-333 |
| ISSN: | 0959-8138 |
| Popis: | Objectives: To determine whether use of an oral nicotine inhaler can result in long term reduction in smoking and whether concomitant use of nicotine replacement and smoking is safe. Design: Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. Four month trial with a two year follow up. Setting: Two university hospital pulmonary clinics in Switzerland. Participants: 400 healthy volunteers, recruited through newspaper advertisements, willing to reduce their smoking but unable or unwilling to stop smoking immediately. Intervention: Active or placebo inhaler as needed for up to 18 months, with participants encouraged to limit their smoking as much as possible. Main outcome measures: Number of cigarettes smoked per day from week six to end point. Decrease verified by a measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide at each time point compared with measurement at baseline. Results: At four months sustained reduction of smoking was achieved in 52 (26%) participants in the active group and 18 (9%) in the placebo group (P Conclusion: Nicotine inhalers effectively and safely achieved sustained reduction in smoking over 24 months. Reduction with or without nicotine substitution may be a feasible first step towards smoking cessation in people not able or not willing to stop abruptly. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|