Changes in the Frontotemporal Cortex and Cognitive Correlates in First-Episode Psychosis

Autor: Leticia Gutiérrez-Galve, Daniel R. Altmann, Verity C. Leeson, Maria A. Ron, Claudia A. M. Wheeler-Kingshott, Thomas R. E. Barnes, Gary Price, Antonio Lobo, Elvina M. Chu, Eileen M. Joyce, Gareth J. Barker
Rok vydání: 2010
Předmět:
Adult
Male
Psychosis
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Intelligence
Statistics as Topic
Neuropsychological Tests
Audiology
Temporal lobe
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Cortex (anatomy)
Image Processing
Computer-Assisted
medicine
Humans
magnetic resonance imaging
first-episode psychosis
Biological Psychiatry
Intelligence Tests
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Temporal cortex
First episode
frontotemporal cortex
Working memory
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Temporal Lobe
Frontal Lobe
surface-based morphometry
030227 psychiatry
Archival Report
Memory
Short-Term
Cognitive impairment
medicine.anatomical_structure
Psychotic Disorders
Frontal lobe
Schizophrenia
Case-Control Studies
Female
cortical area and thickness
Cognition Disorders
Psychology
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Biological Psychiatry
ISSN: 0006-3223
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.03.019
Popis: Background Loss of cortical volume in frontotemporal regions has been reported in patients with schizophrenia and their relatives. Cortical area and thickness are determined by different genetic processes, and measuring these parameters separately may clarify disturbances in corticogenesis relevant to schizophrenia. Our study also explored clinical and cognitive correlates of these parameters. Methods Thirty-seven patients with first-episode psychosis (34 schizophrenia, 3 schizoaffective disorder) and 38 healthy control subjects matched for age and sex took part in the study. Imaging was performed on an magnetic resonance imaging 1.5-T scanner. Area and thickness of the frontotemporal cortex were measured using a surface-based morphometry method (Freesurfer). All subjects underwent neuropsychologic testing that included measures of premorbid and current IQ, working and verbal memory, and executive function. Results Reductions in cortical area, more marked in the temporal cortex, were present in patients. Overall frontotemporal cortical thickness did not differ between groups, although regional thinning of the right superior temporal region was observed in patients. There was a significant association of both premorbid IQ and IQ at disease onset with area, but not thickness, of the frontotemporal cortex, and working memory span was associated with area of the frontal cortex. These associations remained significant when only patients with schizophrenia were considered. Conclusions Our results suggest an early disruption of corticogenesis in schizophrenia, although the effect of subsequent environmental factors cannot be excluded. In addition, cortical abnormalities are subject to regional variations and differ from those present in neurodegenerative diseases.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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