Effects of Consumptive Water Use on Biodiversity in Wetlands of International Importance
| Autor: | Dominik Saner, Francesca Verones, Stefanie Hellweg, Daniele Baisero, Carlo Rondinini, Stephan Pfister |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
geography
Internationality geography.geographical_feature_category Geography Ecology Watershed area Biodiversity food and beverages Wetland General Chemistry Biology Kenya Article Water Supply Consumptive water use Environmental protection Wetlands Threatened species Animals Environmental Chemistry Ecosystem Species richness Surface water Netherlands |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science & Technology, 47 (21) Environmental Science & Technology |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| DOI: | 10.1021/es403635j |
| Popis: | Wetlands are complex ecosystems that harbor a large diversity of species. Wetlands are among the most threatened ecosystems on our planet, due to human influences such as conversion and drainage. We assessed impacts from water consumption on the species richness of waterbirds, nonresidential birds, water-dependent mammals, reptiles and amphibians in wetlands, considering a larger number of taxa than previous life cycle impact assessment methods. Effect factors (EF) were derived for 1184 wetlands of international importance. EFs quantify the number of global species-equivalents lost per m2 of wetland area loss. Vulnerability and range size of species were included to reflect conservation values. Further, we derived spatially explicit characterization factors (CFs) that distinguish between surface water and groundwater consumption. All relevant watershed areas that are contributing to feeding the respective wetlands were determined for CF applications. In an example of rose production, we compared damages of water consumption in Kenya and The Netherlands. In both cases, the impact was largest for waterbirds. The total impact from water consumption in Kenya was 67 times larger than in The Netherlands, due to larger species richness and species’ vulnerability in Kenya, as well as more arid conditions and larger amounts of water consumed. Environmental Science & Technology, 47 (21) ISSN:0013-936X ISSN:1520-5851 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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