Spatial and temporal patterns, trends and teleconnection of cumulative rainfall deficits across Central America
| Autor: | Alonso Brenes-Torres, Isabel Avendaño-Flores, Christian Birkel, Hugo G. Hidalgo-León, Alexandra Nauditt, Rudy Muñoz-Jiménez, Juan Diego Giraldo-Osorio |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Mann–Kendall trend test SPI Tropics 0207 environmental engineering Central America 02 engineering and technology 01 natural sciences Meteorological drought El Niño Southern Oscillation Climatology Environmental science ENSO 020701 environmental engineering Rainfall deficit 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Teleconnection |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Climatology, vol.39(4), pp.1-14 Kérwá Universidad de Costa Rica instacron:UCR |
| ISSN: | 1097-0088 0899-8418 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/joc.5925 |
| Popis: | Central America is a region vulnerable to hydrometeorological threats. Recently, the impacts of droughts caused higher economic losses in comparison to, for example, floods and landslides. This study focuses on the spatio-temporal behaviour of cumulative rainfall deficits across Central America attempting to provide an historical context to the most recent drought episodes. We developed a long-term (1950–2014), monthly rainfall data set that merged large-scale interpolated products with a station observation network to spatially and temporally evaluate the 12-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI12) across the region. We found that El Niño cannot always be associated with drier conditions and that severe droughts are likely to spatially develop from localized phenomena to cover the entire region beyond the Central American drought corridor (CADC). Furthermore, there is not always a clear separation into the Pacific and Caribbean domain in terms of drought behaviour, but generally El Niño episodes can be associated with drier conditions on the Pacific slope and wetter conditions in the Caribbean. We could also show that trends in the SPI series are spatially variable and that more localized significant positive and negative trends exist throughout Central America. For example, central pacific Nicaragua was identified as a hot spot for significant drying conditions related to El Niño. We aim at developing this effort into a nearreal time and publicly available drought monitor in the near future to increase resilience and adaption efforts in the region. Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-B7-286]/UCR/Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-B7-507]/UCR/Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-B6-143]/UCR/Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-A9-532]/UCR/Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-B4-227]/UCR/Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-B0-065]/UCR/Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-B0-810]/UCR/Costa Rica Universidad de Costa Rica/[805-A4-906]/UCR/Costa Rica UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Sociales::Facultad de Ciencias Sociales::Escuela de Geografía UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigaciones Geofísicas (CIGEFI) UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de Física |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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