When and How Does the Auditory Cortex Influence Subcortical Auditory Structures? New Insights About the Roles of Descending Cortical Projections
| Autor: | Fernando R. Nodal, Samira Souffi, Victoria M. Bajo, Jean-Marc Edeline |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford] |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Inferior colliculus Functional role Frontal cortex auditory plasticity [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Review Auditory cortex Cochlear nucleus inferior colliculus 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine degraded acoustic conditions Neuromodulation medicine Prefrontal cortex ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS auditory processing corticofugal projections frontal cortex General Neuroscience Cortical neurons 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure active listening neuromodulation Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery RC321-571 |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Neuroscience Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers, In press, ⟨10.3389/fnins.2021.690223⟩ Frontiers in Neuroscience, Vol 15 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1662-4548 1662-453X |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fnins.2021.690223⟩ |
| Popis: | For decades, the corticofugal descending projections have been anatomically well described but their functional role remains a puzzling question. In this review, we will first describe the contributions of neuronal networks in representing communication sounds in various types of degraded acoustic conditions from the cochlear nucleus to the primary and secondary auditory cortex. In such situations, the discrimination abilities of collicular and thalamic neurons are clearly better than those of cortical neurons although the latter remain very little affected by degraded acoustic conditions. Second, we will report the functional effects resulting from activating or inactivating corticofugal projections on functional properties of subcortical neurons. In general, modest effects have been observed in anesthetized and in awake, passively listening, animals. In contrast, in behavioral tasks including challenging conditions, behavioral performance was severely reduced by removing or transiently silencing the corticofugal descending projections. This suggests that the discriminative abilities of subcortical neurons may be sufficient in many acoustic situations. It is only in particularly challenging situations, either due to the task difficulties and/or to the degraded acoustic conditions that the corticofugal descending connections bring additional abilities. Here, we propose that it is both the top-down influences from the prefrontal cortex, and those from the neuromodulatory systems, which allow the cortical descending projections to impact behavioral performance in reshaping the functional circuitry of subcortical structures. We aim at proposing potential scenarios to explain how, and under which circumstances, these projections impact on subcortical processing and on behavioral responses. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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