Kinematics of turning maneuvers in the southern flying squirrel,Glaucomys volans
| Autor: | Kristin L. Bishop, Whitney Brim-DeForest |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Models
Anatomic animal structures Physiology Kinematics Flying squirrel Models Biological Genetics Animals Molecular Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Analysis of Variance Wing Behavior Animal biology Sciuridae Lift (soaring) Anatomy biology.organism_classification Geodesy Banked turn Glaucomys volans Biomechanical Phenomena Aerodynamic force Drag Flight Animal Animal Science and Zoology human activities Locomotion |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological Genetics and Physiology. :225-242 |
| ISSN: | 1932-5231 1932-5223 |
| Popis: | The ability to change direction is essential to any animal that moves around in a complex, 3D environment. In this study we present the first 3D description of body positions during gliding turns in a mammalian gliding specialist, the southern flying squirrel, Glaucomys volans. In addition, we used these kinematic data to estimate the aerodynamic forces generated by the animals and rotational velocities and accelerations of the body while turning. These results were compared with similar measurements of flying squirrels during straight glides. The two individuals used in this study differed significantly in limb position asymmetries between the two sides of their bodies and also were significantly different in measures of turning performance. The individual with better performance used limb positions consistent with a primarily lift-based turning mechanism (banked turn), whereas the individual with poorer performance used limb positions consistent with a primarily drag-based turning mechanism (crabbed turn). Both individuals employed limb movements continuously through the gliding turn, but these movements did not have any consistent relationships with body rotations or lateral acceleration. As compared with straight glides, squirrels used significantly higher angles of attack and had lower lift-to-drag ratios, but did not differ in glide angle. Contrary to the typical view of maneuvering during gliding as a simple, static form of locomotion, the results presented here indicate that mammalian gliding is a complex behavior comprising the interplay of many components of limb position and wing shape that affect the balance of forces that control the turn. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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