3D-printed MgO nanoparticle loaded polycaprolactone β-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications : in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation

Autor: Hannaneh Safiaghdam, Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei, Saeed Farzad‐Mohajeri, Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan, Hekmat Farajpour, Hossein Aminianfar, Zeinab Bakhtiari, Massoumeh Jabbari Fakhr, Simzar Hosseinzadeh, Arash Khojasteh
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of biomedical materials research : part A
ISSN: 1549-3296
Popis: Magnesium (Mg) plays an important role in controlling bone apatite structure and density and is a potential bioactive material in repairing critical-sized bone defects. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of adding NanoMgO to polycaprolactone/beta-tricalcium phosphate (PCL/beta-TCP) scaffolds on bone regeneration. Novel 3D-printed porous PCL/beta-TCP composite scaffolds containing 10% nanoMgO were fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM) and compared with PCL/beta-TCP (1:1) scaffolds (control). The morphology and physicochemical properties of the scaffolds were characterized by ATR-FTIR, XRD, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), transmission-electron-microscopy (TEM), water contact angle, and compressive strength tests and correlated to its cytocompatibility and osteogenic capacity in-vitro. To evaluate in-vivo osteogenic capacity, bone-marrow-derived stem cell (BMSC)-loaded scaffolds were implanted into 8 mm rat critical-sized calvarial defects for 12 weeks. The hydrophilic scaffolds showed 50% porosity (pore size = 504 mu m). MgO nanoparticles (91.5 +/- 27.6 nm) were homogenously dispersed and did not adversely affect BMSCs' viability and differentiation. Magnesium significantly increased elastic modulus, pH, and degradation. New bone formation (NBF) in Micro-CT was 30.16 +/- 0.31% and 23.56 +/- 1.76% in PCL/beta-TCP/nanoMgO scaffolds with and without BMSCs respectively, and 19.38 +/- 2.15% and 15.75 +/- 2.24% in PCL/beta-TCP scaffolds with and without BMSCs respectively. Angiogenesis was least remarkable in PCL/beta-TCP compared with other groups (p < .05). Our results suggest that the PCL/beta-TCP/nanoMgO scaffold is a more suitable bone substitute compared to PCL/beta-TCP in critical-sized calvarial defects.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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