Environmental Kuznets Curve for CO2 emissions: An analysis for developing, Middle East, OECD and OPEC countries
| Autor: | Yasin Acar, Şebnem Ekeryilmaz, Temel Gürdal |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
gmm estimation
Carbon tax 020209 energy Geography Planning and Development Developing country environmental kuznets curve Context (language use) Environmental pollution 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law 01 natural sciences co2 emissions Kuznets curve 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering GE1-350 Environmental degradation 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Nature and Landscape Conservation International economics Fixed effects model Per capita income Pollution economic growth Urban Studies Environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Environmental & Socio-economic Studies, Vol 6, Iss 4, Pp 48-58 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 2354-0079 |
| Popis: | The purpose of this study was to determine the relevance of the Environmental Kuznets Curve, which shows that there is an inverted-U shaped relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth. We investigated the relationship between per capita income and the carbon dioxide emissions as indicators of environmental pollution in Developing Countries, OECD, Middle East and OPEC countries for the period of 1970-2016. The contribution of our study is the evaluation and comparison of Developing Countries, OECD, Middle East and OPEC countries together in the context of EKC. We employ the fixed effect and GMM techniques in this study and results obtained from cubic models indicate that the N-shaped relationship for Developing, Middle East countries and OECD countries and inverted N-shaped relationship for OPEC countries exist. Considering these conclusions, we draw some serious policy implications for the policy makers in these countries. Governments should closely follow the industries that generate CO2 emissions as after some point environmental degradation increases again as income increases. In addition adopting clean energies including wind and solar systems and making these technologies widespread across countries might reduce CO2 emissions. Another alternative way to reduce CO2 emissions might be a carbon tax which should be implemented for polluters. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|