Overcoming Barriers: Evidence-Based Strategies to Increase Enrollment of Underrepresented Populations in Cancer Therapeutic Clinical Trials—a Narrative Review
| Autor: | Joshua Wright, Iris Vuong, Anne M. Traynor, Tracy M. Downs, Rick Strickland, Amanda T. Eggen, Erin Bailey, Margaret B Nolan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Gerontology
Clinical Trials as Topic Evidence-based practice Accrual business.industry Patient Selection Mortality rate Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Ethnic group Cancer medicine.disease Clinical trial 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Oncology Neoplasms 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Underrepresented Minority Ethnicity Humans Medicine Pacific islanders 030212 general & internal medicine business Minority Groups |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Cancer Education. 35:841-849 |
| ISSN: | 1543-0154 0885-8195 |
| Popis: | Disparities in cancer incidence and mortality rates among racial and ethnic minorities (African Americans, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, American Indians, and Latinos/Hispanic Americans) in the USA are well documented. Enrollment of underrepresented populations in cancer therapeutic clinical trials, however, is very low. This is true despite federal mandates to ensure accrual rates adequate for analyses and the evidence that the effectiveness of specific therapies and medications varies across ethnic and racial groups. Consequently, cancer clinical decision-making is based on research studies where the majority of research participants are white males, despite the disproportionate cancer burden in racial and ethnic minority groups. To date, there have been multiple reviews detailing the barriers to enrollment for these populations in cancer clinical trials, but a notable lack of research on possible strategies to overcome them. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the current evidence for effective approaches to increase enrollment of underrepresented minorities in cancer therapeutic clinical trials. These approaches include (1) cultural and linguistic adaptations of marketing materials, (2) the use of patient navigators, and (3) building ongoing community partnerships. The majority of studies reviewed employ multiple improvement strategies simultaneously. Identifying effective approaches to increase enrollment of underrepresented populations in cancer clinical trials is a critical step in reducing persistent disparities in cancer incidence and mortality among racial and ethnic populations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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