Primary Immunization of Infants and Children with Group A Streptococcal M Protein
| Autor: | M. K. Wittner, Albert Dorfman, Eugene N. Fox, Lauren M. Pachman |
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| Rok vydání: | 1969 |
| Předmět: |
Time Factors
Myeloma protein Injections Subcutaneous Phagocytosis Guinea Pigs Fluorescent Antibody Technique Cross Reactions medicine.disease_cause Antibodies Drug Hypersensitivity Placebos Immune system Adjuvants Immunologic Bacterial Proteins Antigen Antibody Specificity Streptococcal Infections Group A streptococcal infection Hydroxides medicine Animals Humans Immunology and Allergy Hypersensitivity Delayed Serotyping Opsonin Skin Tests Clinical Trials as Topic Sheep biology Streptococcus Chemistry Immune Sera Myocardium Infant Hemagglutination Tests medicine.disease Virology Infectious Diseases Child Preschool Antibody Formation Bacterial Vaccines biology.protein Immunization Rabbits Rheumatic Fever Antibody Aluminum |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Infectious Diseases. 120:598-604 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/infdis/120.5.598 |
| Popis: | It has been well established in experimental animals and concluded from epidemiological studies that immunity to group A streptococcal infection is type-specific [1]. At least 50 serotypes of group A streptococci can be identified by the serological specificity of the M protein. The presence of the M protein on the cell wall protects the microorganism from phagocytosis in the susceptible host. Conversely, antibodies specific for the M protein antigen interact with the streptococcal cell wall, alter the surface properties, and thereby render the bacteria susceptible to phagocytosis. Reviews by Gill [2], Lancefield [1], and Stollerman [3] summarized the studies establishing the type-specificity of group A streptococcal immunity mediated by the bactericidal (opsonic) activity of anti-M antibody. Investigations have shown that M protein vaccines may stimulate a type-specific antibody response. However, occasional local and systemic reactions to these preparations, particularly with repository adjuvants, have demonstrated that partially purified antigens or cell walls are not practical [3]. Fox and Wittner [4] devised procedures for obtaining nontoxic, highly purified M proteins from streptococcal cell walls. With these antigenically homogeneous M proteins, primary typespecific antibodies could be produced in rabbits with relatively small doses of antigen (e.g., 10 [tg) combined with aluminum hydroxide or emulsified with mineral oil. As a result of these trials in |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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