Evaluation of Brain Cytokines and the Level of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in an Inflammatory Model of Depression
| Autor: | Maria Carolina Machado da Silva, Fabrício A. Moreira, Janine Karina Hideko Alfenas Horita, Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira, Antônio Carlos Pinheiro de Oliveira, Helton José Reis, Carolina Zaniboni Ferrari |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Lipopolysaccharides
Male medicine.medical_specialty Lipopolysaccharide Immunology Inflammation Hippocampus Proinflammatory cytokine Mice 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Neurotrophic factors Internal medicine Animals Medicine Dexamethasone Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Depressive Disorder Major Behavior Animal Depression Endocrine and Autonomic Systems business.industry Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Brain Interleukin 030227 psychiatry Neurology chemistry Cytokines Tumor necrosis factor alpha medicine.symptom business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Neuroimmunomodulation. 27:87-96 |
| ISSN: | 1423-0216 1021-7401 |
| Popis: | Introduction: Major depressive disorder is considered a global public health problem. Inflammatory processes are likely involved in its pathophysiology, but the underlying mechanisms have remained uncertain.Here, we used the model of systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection to test the hypothesis that depressive-like behaviors occur along with changes in the levels of cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus (HC), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hypothalamus (HT), and can be prevented by dexamethasone administration. Methods: Adult C57Bl/6 male mice were first isolated for 10 days, and thereafter received an injection of dexamethasone (6 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]), saline followed by LPS (0.83 mg/kg, i.p.), or saline. After 6 h, animals were subjected to the forced-swim test (FST) and open-field tests. Immediately after the behavioral tests, they were euthanized and their brains were collected for the biochemical analyses. Results: LPS increased the immobility time and reduced the distance travelled in the FST and open-field test, respectively. Dexamethasone increased the immobility time in saline-treated mice but reduced this behavior in the LPS group. LPS increased the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and interferon (IFN)-γ in most of the regions evaluated. Dexamethasone prevented LPS-induced IL-6 in the HC, PFC, and HT. Interestingly, dexamethasone increased IL-4 and IL-10 levels in both the LPS- and saline-treated groups. Although dexamethasone reduced BDNF in saline-treated mice, it prevented LPS-induced reduction in this neurotrophic factor. Conclusion: In summary, dexamethasone decreased proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory levels of cytokines and prevented a reduction in BDNF levels induced by the inflammatory stimulus. Thus, the attenuation of depressive-like behavior induced by dexamethasone may be related to the effects on these parameters. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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