Identification and behavior of reaction products formed by chlorination of ethynylestradiol
| Autor: | Kenji Moriyama, Hiroshi Matsufuji, Makoto Chino, Mitsuharu Takeda |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Sodium Hypochlorite Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Kinetics chemistry.chemical_element Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Ethinyl Estradiol Mass spectrometry Mass Spectrometry chemistry.chemical_compound Ethinylestradiol Mole polycyclic compounds medicine By-product Chlorine Environmental Chemistry Chromatography High Pressure Liquid Steroids Chlorinated Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health General Medicine General Chemistry Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Pollution chemistry Sodium hypochlorite Environmental chemistry Water treatment medicine.drug Nuclear chemistry |
| Zdroj: | Chemosphere. 55:839-847 |
| ISSN: | 0045-6535 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.11.045 |
| Popis: | Six products were formed by reaction of ethynylestradiol (EE2) with sodium hypochlorite in buffered solutions. 4-Chloroethynylestradiol (4-ClEE2) and 2,4-dichloroethynylestradiol (2,4-diClEE2) were identified as the two major reaction products, using preparative HPLC, MS, and NMR. When EE2 reacted with chlorine at different pHs (pH 5, 7, and 9) or chlorine concentrations (0.2, 1, 2, and 5 mmol/l, corresponding to molar ratios to EE2, 1, 5, 10, and 25, respectively), the formation of 4-ClEE2 and 2,4-diClEE2 was observed under the above conditions, and the highest yields were 20 and 52 mol%, respectively. EE2 was consumed almost completely within 5 min of chlorination by addition of chlorine of more than 1 mmol/l (molar ratio to EE2, 5). On the other hand, the two products existed in highly chlorinated solutions after 60 min (4ClEE2, 1-6 mol%; 2,4-diClEE2, 3-25 mol%). The estrogenic activities of 4-ClEE2 by estrogen receptor alpha or beta binding assay were similar to those of the parent EE2, and the activities of 2,4-diClEE2 were lower about 10 times. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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