Therapeutic Potential of Agonists and Antagonists of A1, A2a, A2b and A3 Adenosine Receptors
Autor: | Sumit Jamwal, Dana M Alhayani, Amal Al-Aboudi, Puneet Kumar, Ashish Mittal |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Central Nervous System
Adenosine Neuroprotection 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Adenosine Triphosphate 0302 clinical medicine Drug Discovery Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists medicine Humans Neurotransmitter Receptor 030304 developmental biology Neurons Pharmacology 0303 health sciences Receptors Purinergic P1 Adenosine receptor Cell biology Neuroprotective Agents medicine.anatomical_structure Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists chemistry Peripheral nervous system Excitatory postsynaptic potential Adenosine triphosphate 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
Zdroj: | Current Pharmaceutical Design. 25:2892-2905 |
ISSN: | 1381-6128 |
Popis: | Adenosine is a naturally occurring nucleoside and an essential component of the energy production and utilization systems of the body. Adenosine is formed by the degradation of adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) during energy-consuming processes. Adenosine regulates numerous physiological processes through activation of four subtypes of G-protein coupled membrane receptors viz. A1, A2A, A2B and A3. Its physiological importance depends on the affinity of these receptors and the extracellular concentrations reached. ATP acts as a neurotransmitter in both peripheral and central nervous systems. In the peripheral nervous system, ATP is involved in chemical transmission in sensory and autonomic ganglia, whereas in central nervous system, ATP, released from synaptic terminals, induces fast excitatory postsynaptic currents. ATP provides the energetics for all muscle movements, heart beats, nerve signals and chemical reactions inside the body. Adenosine has been traditionally considered an inhibitor of neuronal activity and a regulator of cerebral blood flow. Since adenosine is neuroprotective against excitotoxic and metabolic dysfunctions observed in neurological and ocular diseases, the search for adenosinerelated drugs regulating adenosine transporters and receptors can be important for advancement of therapeutic strategies against these diseases. This review will summarize the therapeutic potential and recent SAR and pharmacology of adenosine and its receptor agonists and antagonists. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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