Evidence that Embryonic Neurons Regulate the Onset of Cortical Gliogenesis via Cardiotrophin-1
| Autor: | Michael Sendtner, Karl J.L. Fernandes, Christian Porsche, Freda D. Miller, Julie A. Wasylnka, Fanie Barnabé-Heider, David L. Kaplan |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Předmět: |
Time Factors
Organogenesis Fluorescent Antibody Technique Cell Count Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Nestin Mice 0302 clinical medicine Intermediate Filament Proteins Neurofilament Proteins Tubulin Drug Interactions Enzyme Inhibitors RNA Small Interfering Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules Cells Cultured Cerebral Cortex Neurons 0303 health sciences biology Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Stem Cells General Neuroscience Electroporation S100 Proteins Neurogenesis Cell Differentiation Protein-Tyrosine Kinases Tyrphostins STAT Transcription Factors Hyaluronan Receptors ELAV Proteins Cytokines Neuroglia Neurotrophin Cardiotrophin 1 Neuroscience(all) Blotting Western Green Fluorescent Proteins Mice Transgenic Nerve Tissue Proteins S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit Transfection 03 medical and health sciences Contactins Precursor cell Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Animals Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Nerve Growth Factors RNA Messenger 030304 developmental biology Gliogenesis Flavonoids Analysis of Variance Interleukin-6 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 Embryo Mammalian Glycoprotein 130 Embryonic stem cell Enzyme Activation Culture Media Conditioned Phosphopyruvate Hydratase biology.protein Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Neuron. (2):253-265 |
| ISSN: | 0896-6273 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.08.037 |
| Popis: | Summary Precursor cells of the embryonic cortex sequentially generate neurons and then glial cells, but the mechanisms regulating this neurogenic-to-gliogenic transition are unclear. Using cortical precursor cultures, which temporally mimic this in vivo differentiation pattern, we demonstrate that cortical neurons synthesize and secrete the neurotrophic cytokine cardiotrophin-1, which activates the gp130-JAK-STAT pathway and is essential for the timed genesis of astrocytes in vitro. Our data indicate that a similar phenomenon also occurs in vivo. In utero electroporation of neurotrophic cytokines in the environment of embryonic cortical precursors causes premature gliogenesis, while acute perturbation of gp130 in cortical precursors delays the normal timed appearance of astrocytes. Moreover, the neonatal cardiotrophin-1 −/− cortex contains fewer astrocytes. Together, these results describe a neural feedback mechanism; newly born neurons produce cardiotrophin-1, which instructs multipotent cortical precursors to generate astrocytes, thereby ensuring that gliogenesis does not occur until neurogenesis is largely complete. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|