Numerical Modeling of Face Shield Protection against a Sneeze
| Autor: | Ainara Ugarte Anero, Unai Fernández Gámiz, José Manuel López Guede, Iñigo Aramendia Iradi, Ekaitz Zulueta Guerrero |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Face shield
Sneeze business.product_category Meteorology General Mathematics face shield Numerical modeling 010103 numerical & computational mathematics 010501 environmental sciences relative humidity 01 natural sciences COVID-19 protection QA1-939 Computer Science (miscellaneous) medicine environment temperature 0101 mathematics Engineering (miscellaneous) 0105 earth and related environmental sciences droplet evaporation computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Environmental science medicine.symptom Droplet evaporation business sneeze Mathematics |
| Zdroj: | Addi: Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación Universidad del País Vasco Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación instname Mathematics Volume 9 Issue 13 Mathematics, Vol 9, Iss 1582, p 1582 (2021) |
| Popis: | The protection provided by wearing masks has been a guideline worldwide to prevent the risk of COVID-19 infection. The current work presents an investigation that analyzes the effectiveness of face shields as personal protective equipment. To that end, a multiphase computational fluid dynamic study based on Eulerian–Lagrangian techniques was defined to simulate the spread of the droplets produced by a sneeze. Different scenarios were evaluated where the relative humidity, ambient temperature, evaporation, mass transfer, break up, and turbulent dispersion were taken into account. The saliva that the human body generates was modeled as a saline solution of 8.8 g per 100 mL. In addition, the influence of the wind speed was studied with a soft breeze of 7 km/h and a moderate wind of 14 km/h. The results indicate that the face shield does not provide accurate protection, because only the person who is sneezed on is protected. Moreover, with a wind of 14 km/h, none of the droplets exhaled into the environment hit the face shield, instead, they were deposited onto the neck and face of the wearer. In the presence of an airflow, the droplets exhaled into the environment exceeded the safe distance marked by the WHO. Relative humidity and ambient temperature play an important role in the lifetime of the droplets. The authors were supported by the government of the Basque Country through research grants ELKARTEK 20/71 and ELKARTEK 20/78. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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