Neandertals on the beach: Use of marine resources at Grotta dei Moscerini (Latium, Italy)
| Autor: | Luca Pollarolo, Mario Gaeta, Jacopo Conforti, Carlo Tozzi, Sylvain Soriano, Massimo D'Orazio, Carlo Smriglio, Paola Villa |
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| Přispěvatelé: | University of Colorado [Boulder], Anthropologie des techniques, des espaces et des territoires au Pliocène et au Pléistocène (AnTET), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Italian National agency for new technologies, Energy and sustainable economic development [Frascati] (ENEA), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Civiltà e Forme del Sapere, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Aquatic Organisms
Hominids Teeth Stratigraphy Social Sciences 01 natural sciences Chione [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences Medicine and Health Sciences Assemblage (archaeology) 0601 history and archaeology Neanderthals Minerals Multidisciplinary biology Geology Mousterian 06 humanities and the arts Mineralogy Geography Archaeology Italy Neandertal pumice Grotta dei Moscerini Medicine Physical Anthropology Anatomy Research Article 010506 paleontology [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory Science Lithic analysis Pumice Archaic Humans Lithic technology Igneous Geology Animal Shells Paleoanthropology Hominins Animals 14. Life underwater 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Smooth clam 060101 anthropology Tool Use Behavior Silicates Biology and Life Sciences Paleontology biology.organism_classification Lithic Technology Bivalvia Jaw Anthropology Archaeological Dating Volcanic Rocks Earth Sciences Upper Paleolithic Digestive System Head |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2020, 15 (1), pp.e0226690. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0226690⟩ PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 1, p e0226690 (2020) PLoS ONE, 2020, 15 (1), pp.e0226690. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0226690⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0226690⟩ |
| Popis: | International audience; Excavated in 1949, Grotta dei Moscerini, dated MIS 5 to early MIS 4, is one of two Italian Neandertal sites with a large assemblage of retouched shells (n = 171) from 21 layers. The other occurrence is from the broadly contemporaneous layer L of Grotta del Cavallo in southern Italy (n = 126). Eight other Mousterian sites in Italy and one in Greece also have shell tools but in a very small number. The shell tools are made on valves of the smooth clam Callista chione. The general idea that the valves of Callista chione were collected by Neandertals on the beach after the death of the mollusk is incomplete. At Moscerini 23.9% of the specimens were gathered directly from the sea floor as live animals by skin diving Neandertals. Archaeological data from sites in Italy, France and Spain confirm that shell fishing and fresh water fishing was a common activity of Neandertals, as indicated by anatomical studies recently published by E. Trinkaus. Lithic analysis provides data to show the relation between stone tools and shell tools. Several layers contain pumices derived from volcanic eruptions in the Ischia Island or the Campi Flegrei (prior to the Campanian Ignimbrite mega-eruption). Their rounded edges indicate that they were transported by sea currents to the beach at the base of the Moscerini sequence. Their presence in the occupation layers above the beach is discussed. The most plausible hypothesis is that they were collected by Neandertals. Incontrovertible evidence that Neandertals collected pumices is provided by a cave in Liguria. Use of pumices as abraders is well documented in the Upper Paleolithic. We prove that the exploitation of submerged aquatic resources and the collection of pumices common in the Upper Paleolithic were part of Neandertal behavior well before the arrival of modern humans in Western Europe. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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