Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Soil Microbial Properties in Two Shrub Intercrop Systems of the Sahel
| Autor: | Komi B. Assigbetsee, Richard P. Dick, Sire Diedhiou-Sall, Ibrahima Diedhiou, M. Khouma, Aminata N. Badiane |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Département Agroforesterie, Université Assane SECK de Ziguinchor (UASZ), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Thiès, Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), African Resource Group (ARG), Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles [Dakar] (ISRA) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Wet season [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes 030106 microbiology ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy lcsh:TX341-641 Horticulture Management Monitoring Policy and Law [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomy Shrub soil 03 medical and health sciences Dry season DGGE ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS 2. Zero hunger Global and Planetary Change Rhizosphere [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] Ecology biology lcsh:TP368-456 ved/biology food and beverages [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Molecular biology Mineralization (soil science) 15. Life on land biology.organism_classification Soil quality Guiera senegalensis shrub-intercropping lcsh:Food processing and manufacture 030104 developmental biology [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology Agronomy PLFA Diedhiou-Sall et al microbial diversity Soil water PLFA [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology Agronomy and Crop Science lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Vol 5 (2021) Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Frontiers Media, 2021, 5, ⟨10.3389/fsufs.2021.621689⟩ Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 2021, 5, ⟨10.3389/fsufs.2021.621689⟩ |
| ISSN: | 2571-581X |
| Popis: | The Sahel is an ecologically vulnerable region where increasing populations with a concurrent increase in agricultural intensity has degraded soils. Agroforestry offers an approach to remediate these landscapes. A largely unrecognized agroforestry resource in the Sahel are the native shrubs, Piliostigma reticulatum, and Guiera senegalensis that to varying degrees already coexist with row crops. These shrubs improve soil quality, redistribute water from the deep soil to the surface (hydraulic lift), and can improve crop growth. However, little information is available on whether these shrubs affect spatial and temporal dynamics of microbial communities. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine microbial composition and activity in the wet and dry seasons of soil in the: shrub rhizosphere (RhizS), inter-root zone (IntrS), and outside the influence of shrub soil (OutS) for both G. senegalensis and P. reticulatum in Senegal. A 3 × 2 factorial field experiment was imposed at two locations (490 and 700 mm annual rainfall with G. senegalensis and P. reticulatum, respectively), that had the soil sampling treatments of three locations (RhizS, IntrS, and OutS) and two seasons (wet and dry). Soils were analyzed for: microbial diversity (DGGE with bacterial 16S or fungal 28S rRNA gene sequences phospholipids fatty acid, PLFA); enzyme activities; microbial biomass carbon (MBC); and nitrogen (N) mineralization potential. For the DGGE profiling, the bacterial community responded more to the rhizosphere effect, whereas, the fungal community was more sensitive to season. PLFA, MBC, enzyme activities and inorganic N were significantly higher in both seasons for the RhizS. The presence of shrubs maintained rhizosphere microbial communities and activity during the dry season. This represents a paradigm shift for semi-arid environments where logically it would be expected to have no microbial activity in the extended dry season. In contrast this study has shown this is not the case that rather the presence of shrub roots maintained the microbial community in the dry season most likely due to hydraulic lift and root exudates. This has implications when these shrubs are in cropped fields in that decomposition and mineralization of nutrients can proceed in the dry season. Thus, enabling accumulation of plant available nutrients during the dry season for uptake by crops in the rainy season. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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