Sox3 expression is maintained by FGF signaling and restricted to the neural plate by Vent proteins in the Xenopus embryo
| Autor: | Tenley C. Archer, Elena S. Casey, Doreen D. Cunningham, Timothy C. Grammer, Crystal D. Rogers |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Embryo
Nonmammalian Sox2 Molecular Sequence Data Xenopus Xenopus Proteins Bone morphogenetic protein Article Xenopus laevis Neural induction SOX2 HMGB Proteins BMP FGF Animals Molecular Biology Regulation of gene expression Genetics Homeodomain Proteins Neural Plate biology Neuroectoderm Base Sequence Vent SOXB1 Transcription Factors Wnt signaling pathway High Mobility Group Proteins Cell Biology biology.organism_classification Gene regulation Cell biology DNA-Binding Proteins Fibroblast Growth Factors Protein Biosynthesis embryonic structures Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Sox3 Carrier Proteins Neural development Neural plate Signal Transduction Transcription Factors Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Developmental Biology. 313(1):307-319 |
| ISSN: | 0012-1606 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.10.023 |
| Popis: | The formation of the nervous system is initiated when ectodermal cells adopt the neural fate. Studies in Xenopus demonstrate that inhibition of BMP results in the formation of neural tissue. However, the molecular mechanism driving the expression of early neural genes in response to this inhibition is unknown. Moreover, controversy remains regarding the sufficiency of BMP inhibition for neural induction. To address these questions, we performed a detailed analysis of the regulation of the soxB1 gene, sox3, one of the earliest genes expressed in the neuroectoderm. Using ectodermal explant assays, we analyzed the role of BMP, Wnt and FGF signaling in the regulation of sox3 and the closely related soxB1 gene, sox2. Our results demonstrate that both sox3 and sox2 are induced in response to BMP antagonism, but by distinct mechanisms and that the activation of both genes is independent of FGF signaling. However, both require FGF for the maintenance of their expression. Finally, sox3 genomic elements were identified and characterized and an element required for BMP-mediated repression via Vent proteins was identified through the use of transgenesis and computational analysis. Interestingly, none of the elements required for sox3 expression were identified in the sox2 locus. Together our data indicate that two closely related genes have unique mechanisms of gene regulation at the onset of neural development. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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