| Popis: |
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a process in which somatic cells under special conditions develop into embryos and in the end into a plant. That is why SE is a good model system for studying the genetic, molecular, physiological, biochemical, histological and cellular mechanisms underlying not only somatic but also zygotic embryogenesis and the totipotency of plant cells. SE begins with a transition of somatic cells to an embryogenic state and it can be induced under certain in vitro conditions. The mechanisms which determine SE induction the transition of cells from the vegetative to the embryogenic state and the conditions underlying such changes are the main questions of developmental biology (for a review see: de Jong et al., 1993; von Arnold et al., 2002; Feher et al., 2003; Namasivayam, 2007; Yang & Zhang, 2010). |
