Prevalence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD 2008)
| Autor: | Frank Schweizer, Heather J. Adam, George G. Zhanel, J. Johnson, Andrew Walkty, Franil Tailor, Kimberly A. Nichol, Melanie DeCorby, James A. Karlowsky, Michael R. Mulvey, Philippe Lagacé-Wiens, Melissa McCracken, Aleksandra Wierzbowski, Patricia J. Baudry, Daryl J. Hoban |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Canada Staphylococcus aureus Klebsiella pneumoniae Ceftobiprole Microbial Sensitivity Tests Tigecycline medicine.disease_cause Meropenem beta-Lactamases Microbiology chemistry.chemical_compound Telavancin Drug Resistance Multiple Bacterial Enterobacter cloacae Streptococcus pneumoniae polycyclic compounds Escherichia coli medicine Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology biology business.industry biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition bacterial infections and mycoses biology.organism_classification Haemophilus influenzae Hospitals Anti-Bacterial Agents Infectious Diseases chemistry Susceptibility Pseudomonas aeruginosa Vancomycin business Ertapenem Enterococcus medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 54:4684-4693 |
| ISSN: | 1098-6596 0066-4804 |
| Popis: | A total of 5,282 bacterial isolates obtained between 1 January and 31 December 31 2008, inclusive, from patients in 10 hospitals across Canada as part of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD 2008) underwent susceptibility testing. The 10 most common organisms, representing 78.8% of all clinical specimens, were as follows: Escherichia coli (21.4%), methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA; 13.9%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.0%), coagulase-negative staphylococci/ Staphylococcus epidermidis (5.4%), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; 5.1%), Haemophilus influenzae (4.1%), Enterococcus spp. (3.3%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.2%). MRSA comprised 27.0% (272/1,007) of all S. aureus isolates (genotypically, 68.8% of MRSA were health care associated [HA-MRSA] and 27.6% were community associated [CA-MRSA]). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli occurred in 4.9% of E. coli isolates. The CTX-M type was the predominant ESBL, with CTX-M-15 the most prevalent genotype. MRSA demonstrated no resistance to ceftobiprole, daptomycin, linezolid, telavancin, tigecycline, or vancomycin (0.4% intermediate intermediate resistance). E. coli demonstrated no resistance to ertapenem, meropenem, or tigecycline. Resistance rates with P. aeruginosa were as follows: colistin (polymyxin E), 0.8%; amikacin, 3.5%; cefepime, 7.2%; gentamicin, 12.3%; fluoroquinolones, 19.0 to 24.1%; meropenem, 5.6%; piperacillin-tazobactam, 8.0%. A multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype occurred frequently in P. aeruginosa (5.9%) but uncommonly in E. coli (1.2%) and K. pneumoniae (0.9%). In conclusion, E. coli , S. aureus (MSSA and MRSA), P. aeruginosa , S. pneumoniae , K. pneumoniae , H. influenzae , and Enterococcus spp. are the most common isolates recovered from clinical specimens in Canadian hospitals. The prevalence of MRSA was 27.0% (of which genotypically 27.6% were CA-MRSA), while ESBL-producing E. coli occurred in 4.9% of isolates. An MDR phenotype was common in P. aeruginosa. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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