The multifaceted involvement of exosomes in tumor progression: Induction and inhibition

Autor: Sanhong Liu, Dale G. Nagle, Hong Zhang, Yi-Wen Shen, Wen-Jie Gu, Li-Jun Zhang, Xin Luan
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: MedComm
MedComm, Vol 2, Iss 3, Pp 297-314 (2021)
ISSN: 2688-2663
DOI: 10.1002/mco2.49
Popis: As key performers in intercellular communication, exosomes released by tumor cells play an important role in cancer development, including angiogenesis, cancer‐associated fibroblasts activation, epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EMT), immune escape, and pre‐metastatic niche formation. Meanwhile, other cells in tumor microenvironment (TME) can secrete exosomes and facilitate tumor progression. Elucidating mechanisms regarding these processes may offer perspectives for exosome‐based antitumor strategies. In this review, we mainly introduce the versatile roles of tumor or stromal cell derived exosomes in cancer development, with a particular focus on the biological capabilities and functionalities of their diverse contents, such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. The potential clinical application of exosomes as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis is also discussed. Finally, the current antitumor strategies based on exosomes in immunotherapy and targeted delivery for chemotherapeutic or biological agents are summarized.
Exosomes released by tumor cells and tumor microenvironment‐associated cells play a pivotal role in cancer initiation and progression. Exosomes facilitate cancer development in multiple aspects, including angiogenesis, cancer‐associated fibroblasts activation, immune escape, epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation, pre‐metastasis niche formation, and drug resistance.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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