Fate of Extracellular DNA in the Production of Fertilizers from Source-Separated Urine
| Autor: | Nancy G. Love, Heather E. Goetsch, Krista R. Wigginton |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
DNA
Bacterial Gel electrophoresis biology Chemistry Tetracycline DNA General Chemistry Urine 010501 environmental sciences biology.organism_classification 01 natural sciences Anti-Bacterial Agents Microbiology Transformation (genetics) Plasmid Real-time polymerase chain reaction medicine Environmental Chemistry Transformation Bacterial Fertilizers Bacteria Plasmids 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Transformation efficiency medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science & Technology. 54:1808-1815 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| Popis: | The practice of urine source-separation for fertilizer production necessitates an understanding of the presence and impact of extracellular DNA in the urine. This study examines the fate of plasmid DNA carrying ampicillin and tetracycline resistance genes in aged urine, including its ability to be taken up and expressed by competent bacteria. Plasmid DNA incubated in aged urine resulted in a >2 log loss of bacterial transformation efficiency in Acinetobacter baylyi within 24 h. The concentration of ampicillin and tetracycline resistance genes, as measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction, did not correspond with the observed transformation loss. When the plasmid DNA was incubated in aged urine that had been filtered (0.22 μm) or heated (75 °C), the transformation efficiencies were more stable than when the plasmids were incubated in unfiltered and unheated aged urine. Gel electrophoresis results indicated that plasmid linearization by materials larger than 100 kDa in the aged urine caused the observed transformation efficiency decreases. The results of this study suggest that extracellular DNA released into aged urine poses a low potential for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes to bacteria once it is released to the environment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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