Environmental factors and population at risk of malaria in Nkomazi municipality, South Africa
| Autor: | Ahmed Mukalazi Kalumba, Abiodun M. Adeola, Omolola M. Adisa, C. J. de W. Rautenbach, Ondego Joel Botai, Olalekan John Taiwo, Jane Mukarugwiza Olwoch |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Mosquito Control Adolescent Databases Factual Climate 030231 tropical medicine Population Developing country Bursary Geographic Mapping Weather and climate Environment Risk Assessment 03 medical and health sciences South Africa Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Environmental health Anopheles medicine Animals Cluster Analysis Humans 030212 general & internal medicine education Socioeconomics Child Aged education.field_of_study Incidence Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Infant Newborn Infant Middle Aged medicine.disease Malaria Mosquito control Infectious Diseases Geography Child Preschool Parasitology Female Risk assessment Malaria control |
| Zdroj: | Tropical medicineinternational health : TMIH. 21(5) |
| ISSN: | 1365-3156 |
| Popis: | Nkomazi local municipality of South Africa is a high-risk malaria region with an incidence rate of about 500 cases per 100 000. We examined the influence of environmental factors on population (age group) at risk of malaria.r software was used to statistically analyse data. Using remote sensing technology, a Landsat 8 image of 4th October 2015 was classified using object-based classification and a 5-m resolution. Spot height data were used to generate a digital elevation model of the area.A total of 60 718 malaria cases were notified across 48 health facilities in Nkomazi municipality between January 1997 and August 2015. Malaria incidence was highly associated with irrigated land (P = 0.001), water body (P = 0.011) and altitude ≤400 m (P = 0.001). The multivariate model showed that with 10% increase in the extent of irrigated areas, malaria risk increased by almost 39% in the entire study area and by almost 44% in the 2-km buffer zone of selected villages. Malaria incidence is more pronounced in the economically active population aged 15-64 and in males. Both incidence and case fatality rate drastically declined over the study period.A predictive model based on environmental factors would be useful in the effort towards malaria elimination by fostering appropriate targeting of control measures and allocating of resources. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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