Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: Potential Mechanism of Action Against SARS-CoV-2
| Autor: | Madhavan Nampoothiri, Madhuparna Banerjee, Shagun Dogra, Tushar Agarwal, Sairaj Satarker, Vignesh Balaji E, Tejas Ahuja |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Drug 030103 biophysics media_common.quotation_subject QT prolongation medicine.disease_cause Biochemistry 03 medical and health sciences Chloroquine Drug Discovery Genetics medicine Adverse effect Covid-19 (ATY Lau and A Kong Section Editors) media_common Coronavirus Pharmacology Pandemic business.industry SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Respiratory failure Viral pneumonia Immunology business Cytokine storm medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Current Pharmacology Reports |
| ISSN: | 2198-641X |
| Popis: | Purpose of Review The rapid spread of virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has turned out to be a global emergency. Symptoms of this viral infection, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), include mild infections of the upper respiratory tract, viral pneumonia, respiratory failure, multiple organ failure and death. Till date, no drugs have been discovered to treat COVID-19 patients, and therefore, a considerable amount of interest has been shown in repurposing the existing drugs. Recent Findings Out of these drugs, chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have demonstrated positive results indicating a potential antiviral role against SARS-CoV-2. Its mechanism of action (MOA) includes the interference in the endocytic pathway, blockade of sialic acid receptors, restriction of pH mediated spike (S) protein cleavage at the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) binding site and prevention of cytokine storm. Unfortunately, its adverse effects like gastrointestinal complications, retinopathy and QT interval prolongation are evident in treated COVID-19 patients. Yet, multiple clinical trials have been employed in several countries to evaluate its ability in turning into a needed drug in this pandemic. Summary This review attempts to summarize the MOA of CQ/HCQ and its side effects. The existing literature hints that till date, the role of CQ/HCQ in COVID-19 may be sceptical, and further studies are warranted for obtaining a therapeutic option that could be effectively used across the world to rise out from this pandemic. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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