Effect of Insulation on the Performance of a Rotary Bioreactor for Composting Agricultural Residues
| Autor: | Ronnel Fulleros, Mohamed A. Rashwan, Ahmed M. Abdel-Ghany, Mansour N. Ibrahim, Ibrahim M. Al-Helal, F. Alkoaik |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Control and Optimization
Materials science 020209 energy Energy Engineering and Power Technology 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences engineering.material 01 natural sciences lcsh:Technology rotary drum bioreactor heat loss 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Bioreactor Electrical and Electronic Engineering Engineering (miscellaneous) 0105 earth and related environmental sciences insulation Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Compost lcsh:T Heat losses Building and Construction tomato plant residues Pulp and paper industry energy generation Surface-area-to-volume ratio engineering Weed Energy (miscellaneous) Mesophile |
| Zdroj: | Energies, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 315 (2019) Energies; Volume 12; Issue 2; Pages: 315 |
| ISSN: | 1996-1073 |
| Popis: | Rotary drum composters are used to produce high-quality, pathogen-free compost without weed seeds. Insulation is usually applied to small-scale composters to warm up the composted materials and enhance metabolic reactions to produce stable and mature compost within a short time. However, the relationship between the composter size and the heat loss rate is still unclear. In this study, the relationship between the composter size (designated as the ratio of surface area to volume, As/V) and heat loss was analyzed and identified. To show the effect of insulation on the composting performance, two identical rotary drum bioreactors (each of As/V = 9) were used to compost tomato plant residues, one insulated and the other kept without insulation. Results showed that insulation increased the overall resistance against heat loss from the bioreactor from 0.37 (m2 °C W−1) to 1.12 (m2 °C W−1), quickly increasing the compost temperature, and a temperature of 55⁻67 °C could be achieved and remained for three days. Therefore, mature, stable, well-aged, and high-quality compost was obtained. In the non-insulated bioreactor, the compost temperature did not exceed 37 °C; this caused a decline of microbial activity and the composting process temperature was only in the mesophilic range, leading to a high risk of the existence of weed seeds and pathogens in the final immature compost. Insulation is necessary for laboratory-scale and small pilot-scale bioreactors (As/V ≥ 6), because heat loss is high as As/V is high, whereas it is not necessary for commercial full-scale bioreactors (As/V ≤ 4), because heat loss is minor as As/V is low. For larger pilot-scale bioreactors (As/V: 4⁻6), insulation cost must be considered when comparing the impact of energy saving on the composting process. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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