Computer-aided craniofacial superimposition validation study: the identification of the leaders and participants of the Polish-Lithuanian January Uprising (1863-1864)

Autor: Rubén Martos, Rosario Guerra, Fernando Navarro, Michela Peruch, Kevin Neuwirth, Andrea Valsecchi, Rimantas Jankauskas, Oscar Ibáñez
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: International journal of legal medicineReferences.
ISSN: 1437-1596
Popis: In 2017, a series of human remains corresponding to the executed leaders of the “January Uprising” of 1863–1864 were uncovered at the Upper Castle of Vilnius (Lithuania). During the archeological excavations, 14 inhumation pits with the human remains of 21 individuals were found at the site. The subsequent identification process was carried out, including the analysis and cross-comparison of post-mortem data obtained in situ and in the lab with ante-mortem data obtained from historical archives. In parallel, three anthropologists with diverse backgrounds in craniofacial identification and two students without previous experience attempted to identify 11 of these 21 individuals using the craniofacial superimposition technique. To do this, the five participants had access to 18 3D scanned skulls and 14 photographs of 11 different candidates. The participants faced a cross-comparison problem involving 252 skull-face overlay scenarios. The methodology follows the main agreements of the European project MEPROCS and uses the software Skeleton-ID™. Based on MEPROCS standard, a final decision was provided within a scale, assigning a value in terms of strong, moderate, or limited support to the claim that the skull and the facial image belonged (or not) to the same person for each case. The problem of binary classification, positive/negative, with an identification rate for each participant was revealed. The results obtained in this study make the authors think that both the quality of the materials used and the previous experience of the analyst play a fundamental role when reaching conclusions using the CFS technique.
CRUE-CSIC
Spanish Government Junta de Andalucia CONFIA 2021/C005/00141299 EXAISFI PID2021-122916NB-I00
Centro de Investigacion de Galicia "CITIC" - Xunta de Galicia P18-FR-4262
European Union (European Regional Development Fund-Galicia 2014-2020 Program)
Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning, Republic of Korea ED431G 2019/01
Universidade da Cor una/CISUG RYC2020-029454-I
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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