In Vivo Electrochemical Analysis of a PEDOT/MWCNT Neural Electrode Coating
| Autor: | Zhanhong Du, Takashi D. Y. Kozai, X. Tracy Cui, Kasey Catt, Nicolas Alexander Alba |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Materials science Neural Prostheses Polymers Scanning electron microscope lcsh:Biotechnology Clinical Biochemistry Anti-Inflammatory Agents Nanotechnology engineering.material Article Dexamethasone electroactive polymer Coated Materials Biocompatible PEDOT:PSS Coating lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 Electric Impedance Animals Rats Long-Evans Composite material drug release Visual Cortex Nanocomposite nanocomposite Nanotubes Carbon Electrochemical Techniques General Medicine Bridged Bicyclo Compounds Heterocyclic Rats Dielectric spectroscopy Microelectrode controlled drug release Electrode engineering interface Cyclic voltammetry Microelectrodes neural prosthesis |
| Zdroj: | Biosensors, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 618-646 (2015) Biosensors Volume 5 Issue 4 Pages 618-646 |
| ISSN: | 2079-6374 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/bios5040618 |
| Popis: | Neural electrodes hold tremendous potential for improving understanding of brain function and restoring lost neurological functions. Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and dexamethasone (Dex)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) coatings have shown promise to improve chronic neural electrode performance. Here, we employ electrochemical techniques to characterize the coating in vivo. Coated and uncoated electrode arrays were implanted into rat visual cortex and subjected to daily cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for 11 days. Coated electrodes experienced a significant decrease in 1 kHz impedance within the first two days of implantation followed by an increase between days 4 and 7. Equivalent circuit analysis showed that the impedance increase is the result of surface capacitance reduction, likely due to protein and cellular processes encapsulating the porous coating. Coating’s charge storage capacity remained consistently higher than uncoated electrodes, demonstrating its in vivo electrochemical stability. To decouple the PEDOT/MWCNT material property changes from the tissue response, in vitro characterization was conducted by soaking the coated electrodes in PBS for 11 days. Some coated electrodes exhibited steady impedance while others exhibiting large increases associated with large decreases in charge storage capacity suggesting delamination in PBS. This was not observed in vivo, as scanning electron microscopy of explants verified the integrity of the coating with no sign of delamination or cracking. Despite the impedance increase, coated electrodes successfully recorded neural activity throughout the implantation period. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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