Direct potable reuse – a feasible water management option
| Autor: | J. Esterhuizen, Josef Lahnsteiner, P. van Rensburg |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
multiple barrier approach
Water reclamation Engineering 0208 environmental biotechnology Sewage Filtration and Separation 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Reuse 01 natural sciences Desalination reverse osmosis lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes Land reclamation Biological activated carbon 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology lcsh:TD201-500 Waste management business.industry Purified water 020801 environmental engineering direct potable reuse ozone Sustainability business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 14-28 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 2408-9370 2220-1319 |
| DOI: | 10.2166/wrd.2017.172 |
| Popis: | Direct potable reuse (DPR) can be more economic than indirect potable reuse as no environmental buffer is needed and conveyance and blending of the purified water with other potable sources is basically less expensive. Long-term experience in Windhoek (48 years) shows that treated domestic sewage can be safely and cost-efficiently utilized for potable reclamation (0.72 €/m3). A multiple barrier strategy is employed in order to attain the highest possible safety levels. There are three types of barriers: non-treatment, treatment and operational barriers. In recent years, new DPR schemes have been implemented in South Africa and in the USA, and the major difference between all the new reclamation processes and the Windhoek New Goreangab water reclamation plant lies in the employment of desalination process units. This topic and other issues, such as the use of ozone and biological activated carbon filtration, are addressed. Reclamation process optimization (increase in sustainability) and the attainment of greater public acceptance are the major challenges facing the promotion of DPR, which should become a common and widely used water management option within the next 5–10 years. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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