Nuclear Hormone Receptors and Their Ligands: Metabolites in Control of Transcription
| Autor: | Fabio Rinaldo Santori, Lian Jing Tao, Benjamin Jackson, Dong Eun Seo, Natalia Ivanova |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Transcription
Genetic nuclear hormone receptors Receptors Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Review Biology porphyrins History 21st Century Models Biological Genome Transcription (biology) evolution Animals Humans Caenorhabditis elegans Receptor Transcription factor lcsh:QH301-705.5 thyroxine chemistry.chemical_classification Genome Human Terpenes ligands Fatty Acids History 19th Century General Medicine History 20th Century biology.organism_classification Hormones Cell biology Amino acid Nuclear receptor chemistry lcsh:Biology (General) Human genome history fatty acid terpenoid Transcription Factors |
| Zdroj: | Cells, Vol 9, Iss 2606, p 2606 (2020) Cells |
| ISSN: | 2073-4409 |
| Popis: | Nuclear hormone receptors are a family of transcription factors regulated by small molecules derived from the endogenous metabolism or diet. There are forty-eight nuclear hormone receptors in the human genome, twenty of which are still orphans. In this review, we make a brief historical journey from the first observations by Berthold in 1849 to the era of orphan receptors that began with the sequencing of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome in 1998. We discuss the evolution of nuclear hormone receptors and the putative ancestral ligands as well as how the ligand universe has expanded over time. This leads us to define four classes of metabolites—fatty acids, terpenoids, porphyrins and amino acid derivatives—that generate all known ligands for nuclear hormone receptors. We conclude by discussing the ongoing efforts to identify new classes of ligands for orphan receptors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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