Atsdr Evaluation of Health Effects of Chemicals. Iv. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): Understanding a Complex Problem
| Autor: | Karen Gold, W. Cibulas, C.T. DeRosa, Julia D. George, Moiz Mumtaz |
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| Rok vydání: | 1996 |
| Předmět: |
Databases
Factual Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Environmental media 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology Risk Assessment 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Human health 0302 clinical medicine Hazardous waste Environmental monitoring polycyclic compounds Animals Humans Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Exposure assessment National Priorities List Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Hazardous waste sites United States Biodegradation Environmental Human exposure Environmental chemistry Carcinogens Environmental science Environmental Pollutants Centers for Disease Control and Prevention U.S Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Toxicology and Industrial Health. 12:742-971 |
| ISSN: | 1477-0393 0748-2337 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/074823379601200601 |
| Popis: | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of chemicals that are formed during the incomplete burning of coal, oil, gas, wood, garbage, or other organic substances, such as tobacco and charbroiled meat. There are more than 100 PAHs. PAHs generally occur as complex mixtures (for example, as part of products such as soot), not as single compounds. PAHs are found throughout the environment in the air, water, and soil. As part of its mandate, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) prepares toxicological profiles on hazardous chemicals, including PAHs (ATSDR, 1995), found atfacilities on the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) National Priorities List (NPL) and which pose the most significant potential threat to human health, as determined by ATSDR and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These profiles include information on health effects of chemicals from different routes and durations of exposure, their potential for exposure, regulations and advisories, and the adequacy of the existing database. Assessing the health effects of PAHs is a major challenge because environmental exposures to these chemicals are usually to complex mixtures of PAHs with other chemicals. The biological consequences of human exposure to mixtures of PAHs depend on the toxicity, carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic, of the individual components of the mixture, the types of interactions among them, and confounding factors that are not thoroughly understood. Also identified are components of exposure and health effects research needed on PAHs that will allow estimation of realistic human health risks posed by exposures to PAHs. The exposure assessmentcomponent of research should focus on (1 ) development of reliable analytical methods for the determination of bioavailable PAHs following ingestion, (2) estimation of bioavailable PAHs from environmental media, particularly the determination of particle-bound PAHs, (3) data on ambient levels of PAHs metabolites in tissueslfluids of control populations, and (4) the need for a critical evaluation of current levels of PAHs found in environmental media including data from hazardous waste sites. The health effects component should focus on obtaining information on (1) the health effects of mixtures of PAHs particularly their noncarcinogenic effects in humans, and (2) their toxicokinetics. This report provides excerpts from the toxicological profile of PAHs (ATSDR, 1995) that contains more detailed information. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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