Paratransplantation and Tissue Therapy
| Autor: | William B. Neaves, R. E. Billingham |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1979 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty medicine.medical_treatment Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy Disease Organ transplantation History and Philosophy of Science Testis medicine Humans Transplantation Homologous Endocrine system Hormone replacement therapy Intensive care medicine Simple (philosophy) Transplantation Tissue Extracts Health Policy History 19th Century Immunosuppression General Medicine History 20th Century Hormones Issues ethics and legal aspects Female Allotransplantation |
| Zdroj: | Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. 22:320-332 |
| ISSN: | 1529-8795 |
| Popis: | "To supply the defects of Nature" was, according to Ambroise Pare in the sixteenth century, "proper to the duties of a chirurgian." Death, illness, and disability of various kinds frequently result from disease or injury involving an organ of the body. In the case of paired organs, loss or a functional shortcoming of one may be naturally compensated by the other assuming an additional load. In the special case of endocrine glands, life can be sustained by administration of appropriate hormones. It has been argued, however, that the interests of the patient might be better served by means of a living allograft if simple, innocuous means were available to control the host response on an immunologically specific basis. Currently, for the major internal organs and for certain tissues such as bone marrow, the only generally available treatment for loss or failure is allotransplantation with its attendant, and by no means satisfactorily resolved, problems of tissue typing and immunosuppression to assuage host resistance. The modern clinical application of organ transplantation, largely the outcome of interactions between surgeons and basic scientists over the past 25 years, originated from critical analyses of the failures of early empirical attempts at organ and tissue replacement and, with their understanding, the development of means of controlling host resistance. Modern endocrinology, including hormone replacement therapy, also had its origins in transplantation, since the classical criterion for ascribing endocrine function to an organ is that replacement away from its normal vascular and nervous connections must successfully correct specific deficiencies brought about by removal of the organ. Most of the pioneering studies in transplantation biology and endocrinology were conducted within the first 2 decades of the present century, and there was little interaction between the investigators pursuing |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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