Life and Work of Stress Granules and Processing Bodies: New Insights into Their Formation and Function
| Autor: | Ana Julia Fernández-Alvarez, Graciela L. Boccaccio, Marcelo Perez-Pepe |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cytoplasm stress granules processing bodies Pyruvate Kinase Kinesins translation Microtubules Biochemistry molecular motors Ciencias Biológicas 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Adenosine Triphosphate 0302 clinical medicine Stress granule Biología Celular Microbiología Microtubule Translational regulation Organelle Humans Organelles Membranes Chemistry Dyneins RNA Biological Transport Cell biology 030104 developmental biology Solubility Adenosine triphosphate CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Intracellular |
| Zdroj: | Biochemistry. 57:2488-2498 |
| ISSN: | 1520-4995 0006-2960 |
| Popis: | The dynamic formation of stress granules (SGs), processing bodies (PBs), and related RNA organelles regulates diverse cellular processes, including the coordination of functionally connected messengers, the translational regulation at the synapse, and the control of viruses and retrotransposons. Recent studies have shown that pyruvate kinase and other enzymes localize in SGs and PBs, where they become protected from stress insults. These observations may have implications for enzyme regulation and metabolic control exerted by RNA-based organelles. The formation of these cellular bodies is governed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) processes, and it needs to be strictly controlled to prevent pathogenic aggregation. The intracellular concentration of key metabolites, such as ATP and sterol derivatives, may influence protein solubility, thus affecting the dynamics of liquid organelles. LLPS in vitro depends on the thermal diffusion of macromolecules, which is limited inside cells, where the condensation and dissolution of membrane-less organelles are helped by energy-driven processes. The active transport by the retrograde motor dynein helps SG assembly, whereas the anterograde motor kinesin mediates SG dissolution; a tug of war between these two molecular motors allows transient SG formation. There is evidence that the efficiency of dynein-mediated transport increases with the number of motor molecules associated with the cargo. The dynein-dependent transport may be influenced by cargo size as larger cargos can load a larger number of motors. We propose a model based on this emergent property of dynein motors, which would be collectively stronger during SG condensation and weaker during SG breakdown, thus allowing kinesin-mediated dispersion. Fil: Pérez, Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Fernández Alvarez, Ana Julia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Boccaccio, Graciela Lidia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires. Fundación Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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