A typical path model of tracheobronchial clearance of inhaled particles in rats
| Autor: | Edgar C. Kimmel, Robert L. Carpenter, James E. Reboulet |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Pathology medicine.medical_specialty Mucociliary clearance Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology 01 natural sciences Particle transport 03 medical and health sciences Fluid dynamics medicine Animals Particle Size Respiratory system Lung 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Aerosols Air Movements Air Pollutants Inhalation Exposure 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology Chemistry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Particle clearance Mechanics Models Theoretical respiratory system Mucus Rats Aerosol Particle-size distribution Body Burden Forecasting |
| Zdroj: | Toxicology and Industrial Health. 17:277-284 |
| ISSN: | 1477-0393 0748-2337 |
| DOI: | 10.1191/0748233701th118oa |
| Popis: | A mathematical description of particle clearance from the ciliated conducting airways (tracheobronchial region) of the lungs in rats was developed, assuming that particles on the mucus blanket behave as a fluid and adhere to principles of fluid flow described by the continuity equation. Effective particle transport velocities for given generations of airways were estimated from reported tracheal mucus velocities. Using typical rat airway geometry and estimated particle transport velocities, solutions of sets of rate equations for transport from each generation of airways were summed to estimate total particle clearance from the tracheobronchial region of the lung as a function of time. Aerosol particle size distribution (MMAD ranging from 0.1 to 4.2 μm, and sg from 1 to 2.7) and concentration data from several investigators were used to predict short-term, tracheobronchial clearance (retention) in rats up to 24 h following exposure. Comparisons between predicted and observed retention showed an average difference between model predictions, and observed fractional retention of initial lung or body burden was 4.9%, with a tendency toward underprediction of clearance of particles >3.0 μm. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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