Toll-like receptors and cutaneous melanoma
| Autor: | Serena Miotto, Mauro Alaibac, Ilaria Coati, Irene Zanetti |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Innate immune system Melanoma medicine.medical_treatment Antigen presentation Pattern recognition receptor Review Biology medicine.disease 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cytokine Oncology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Cancer research medicine Scavenger receptor Signal transduction Receptor |
| Zdroj: | Oncology Letters. 12:3655-3661 |
| ISSN: | 1792-1082 1792-1074 |
| DOI: | 10.3892/ol.2016.5166 |
| Popis: | Innate immune cells recognize highly conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Previous studies have demonstrated that PRRs also recognize endogenous molecules, termed damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are derived from damaged cells. PRRs include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), scavenger receptors, C-type lectin receptors and nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors. To date, 10 TLRs have been identified in humans and each receptor responds to a different ligand. The recognition of PAMPS or DAMPs by TLRs leads to the activation of signaling pathways and cellular responses with subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokine release, phagocytosis and antigen presentation. In the human skin, TLRs are expressed by keratinocytes and melanocytes: The main cells from which skin cancers arise. TLRs 1-6 and 9 are expressed in keratinocytes, while TLRs 2-5, 7, 9 and 10 have been identified in melanocytes. It is hypothesized that TLRs may present a target for melanoma therapies. In this review, the involvement of TLRs in the pathogenesis and treatment of melanoma was discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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