Age-dependent seroprevalence of dengue and chikungunya: inference from a cross-sectional analysis in Esmeraldas Province in coastal Ecuador
| Autor: | Irina Chis Ster, Joel M. Montgomery, Andrea Lopez, Natalia Cristina Romero, Philip J. Cooper, Alejandro Rodriguez, Martha H. Chico |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Cross-sectional study Epidemiology viruses Population statistics & research methods medicine.disease_cause Antibodies Viral Dengue fever Dengue Seroepidemiologic Studies medicine Seroprevalence Humans Chikungunya education education.field_of_study business.industry Transmission (medicine) public health General Medicine Dengue Virus Middle Aged medicine.disease Cross-Sectional Studies Medicine Chikungunya Fever Female Ecuador Rural area business Demography |
| Zdroj: | BMJ Open BMJ Open, Vol 10, Iss 10 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2044-6055 |
| Popis: | ObjectivesThere are few population-based estimates for prevalence of past exposure to dengue and chikungunya viruses despite common epidemiological features. Here, we have developed a novel statistical method to study patterns of age-dependent prevalence of immunity in a population following exposures to two viruses which share similar epidemiological features including mode of transmission and induction of long-lasting immunity. This statistical technique accounted for sociodemographic characteristics associated with individuals and households.SettingsThe data consist of a representative sample from an ongoing longitudinal birth cohort set-up in a tropical district in coastal Ecuador (Esmeraldas).ParticipantsWe collected data and blood samples from 319 individuals belonging to 152 households following epidemics of the infections in 2015 in Latin America.Primary outcomePlasma was tested for the presence of specific IgG antibodies to dengue and chikungunya viruses by commercial ELISA and defined a bivariate binary outcome indicating individuals’ past exposure status to dengue and chikungunya (ie, presence/absence of IgG antibodies to dengue or chikungunya or both).ResultsDengue seroprevalence increased rapidly with age reaching 97% (95% credible interval (CrI): 93%–99%) by 60 years. Chikungunya seroprevalence peaked at 42% (95% CrI: 18%–66%) around 9 years of age and averaged 27% (95% CrI: 8.7%–51.6%) for all ages. Rural areas were more likely to be associated with dengue-only exposure while urban areas and shorter distance to the nearest household were associated with exposures to both. Women living in urban settings were more likely to be chikungunya seropositive while rural men were more likely to be dengue seropositive.ConclusionDengue seroprevalence was strongly age dependent consistent with endemic exposure while that of chikungunya peaked in childhood consistent with the recent emergence of the virus in the study area. Our findings will inform control strategies for the two arboviruses in Ecuador including recommendations by the WHO on dengue vaccination. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|