Safety and Differential Antibody and T-Cell Responses to the Plasmodium falciparum Sporozoite Malaria Vaccine, PfSPZ Vaccine, by Age in Tanzanian Adults, Adolescents, Children, and Infants
| Autor: | Thomas L. Richie, Stephen L. Hoffman, Claudia Daubenberger, Maximillian Mpina, Martina Fink, Robert A. Seder, Bakari M Bakari, Said Jongo, Ali Mtoro, Munira Qassim, Anneth-Mwasi Tumbo, L. W. Preston Church, Salim Abdulla, Phillip A. Swanson, Tobias Schindler, Adam Ruben, Jill El-Khorazaty, Peter F. Billingsley, Marcel Tanner, Omar Juma, Elizabeth Saverino, Fabian Studer, Kamaka R Kassim, David Styers, Florence A. Milando, B. Kim Lee Sim, Glenda Cosi, Sumana Chakravarty, Eric R. James, Natasha Kc, Beatus Simon, Linda Gondwe, Yonas Abebe |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Adolescent T-Lymphocytes 030231 tropical medicine Plasmodium falciparum Antibodies Protozoan Vaccines Attenuated Tanzania 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Double-Blind Method Virology parasitic diseases Malaria Vaccines Medicine Humans Malaria Falciparum Adverse effect Child biology Malaria vaccine business.industry Infant Articles Middle Aged biology.organism_classification medicine.disease PfSPZ vaccine Circumsporozoite protein Regimen Infectious Diseases Immunization Child Preschool Immunology Antibody Formation Parasitology Female business Malaria |
| Zdroj: | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
| ISSN: | 1476-1645 0002-9637 |
| Popis: | In 2016, there were more cases and deaths caused by malaria globally than in 2015. An effective vaccine would be an ideal additional tool for reducing malaria’s impact. Sanaria® PfSPZ Vaccine, composed of radiation-attenuated, aseptic, purified, cryopreserved Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) sporozoites (SPZ) has been well tolerated and safe in malaria-naïve and experienced adults in the United States and Mali and protective against controlled human malaria infection with Pf in the United States and field transmission of Pf in Mali, but had not been assessed in younger age groups. We, therefore, evaluated PfSPZ Vaccine in 93 Tanzanians aged 45 years to 6 months in a randomized, double-blind, normal saline placebo-controlled trial. There were no significant differences in adverse events between vaccinees and controls or between dosage regimens. Because all age groups received three doses of 9.0 × 105 PfSPZ of PfSPZ Vaccine, immune responses were compared at this dosage. Median antibody responses against Pf circumsporozoite protein and PfSPZ were highest in infants and lowest in adults. T-cell responses were highest in 6–10-year olds after one dose and 1–5-year olds after three doses; infants had no significant positive T-cell responses. The safety data were used to support initiation of trials in > 300 infants in Kenya and Equatorial Guinea. Because PfSPZ Vaccine–induced protection is thought to be mediated by T cells, the T-cell data suggest PfSPZ Vaccine may be more protective in children than in adults, whereas infants may not be immunologically mature enough to respond to the PfSPZ Vaccine immunization regimen assessed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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