Zinc and iron deficiency and their interrelations in low-income African American and Hispanic children in Atlanta
| Autor: | Thomas R. Ziegler, Kathleen L. Caldwell, Christine M. Pfeiffer, Christine A. Northrop-Clewes, Frederick Grant, Joy Smith, E. Dawn Swaby-Ellis, Anne Jacques, Conrad R. Cole |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty Georgia Anemia Cross-sectional study Iron Population Nutritional Status Medicine (miscellaneous) Hemoglobins Odds Ratio Prevalence medicine Humans education Poverty education.field_of_study Nutritional epidemiology and public health Nutrition and Dietetics Anemia Iron-Deficiency biology business.industry Infant Hispanic or Latino Iron Deficiencies Iron deficiency Odds ratio medicine.disease Body Height Diet Records Diet Black or African American Meat Products Ferritin Zinc Cross-Sectional Studies Logistic Models Iron-deficiency anemia Child Preschool Zinc deficiency biology.protein Deficiency Diseases Edible Grain business |
| Zdroj: | The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 91:1027-1034 |
| ISSN: | 0002-9165 |
| DOI: | 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28089 |
| Popis: | Background: Information about the zinc status of low-income minority children in the United States is lacking. Objective: The objective was to determine the prevalence of zinc deficiency and anemia and their interrelation among low-income African American and Hispanic preschool children. Design: This was a cross-sectional study in which a prospective 3-d food diary was completed, and hemoglobin, serum ferritin, zinc, copper, and C-reactive protein concentrations were measured. Children with elevated C-reactive protein concentrations were excluded from analysis. Results: Of 292 children recruited, 280 (mean 6 SD age: 2.5 6 1.2 y) qualified for analysis. One hundred forty-six (52%) children were African American and 134 (48%) were Hispanic; 202 (72%) were enrolled in the Women, Infants, and Children nutrition program. A low serum zinc concentration (,10.7 lmol/L) was present in 34 (12%) children, and 37 (13%) were anemic (hemoglobin , 110 g/L). African American (odds ratio: 3.47; 95% CI: 1.51, 7.96) and anemic (odds ratio: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.24, 6.90) children had an increased risk of zinc deficiency. Serum zinc correlated with hemoglobin (r = 0.24, P , 0.001). Children with a height/length less than the fifth percentile had significantly lower mean serum zinc concentrations than those with a height/length greater than the fifth percentile (12.4 6 1.8 compared with 13.0 6 2.2 lmol/ L; P , 0.001). In a multiple logistic regression model, African American race-ethnicity was associated with zinc deficiency (odds ratio: 0.26; P = 0.02). The main sources of iron and zinc in the diets were meat products and cereals. Conclusions: The prevalence of zinc deficiency and anemia was high in this population of low-income minority children, especially among African Americans. Further investigation of the incidence of zinc deficiency and the ability of anemia to screen for it is warranted. Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28089. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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