Evaluation of Cellular Effects Caused by Lunar Regolith Simulant Including Fine Particles
| Autor: | Masanori Horie, Yoshiyuki Honma, Yasuo Morimoto, Shigeru Aoki, Takeo Miki |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Cell Survival
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Lunar regolith simulant Chemistry Interleukin-8 Pulmonary effects Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Positive control General Medicine medicine.disease_cause Regolith Cell Line Astrobiology Human lung Oxidative Stress medicine.anatomical_structure Gene Expression Regulation Gravitational sedimentation Biophysics medicine Humans Particle size Particle Size Moon Oxidative stress |
| Zdroj: | Journal of UOEH. 37:139-148 |
| ISSN: | 2187-2864 0387-821X |
| DOI: | 10.7888/juoeh.37.139 |
| Popis: | The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has announced a plan to establish a manned colony on the surface of the moon, and our country, Japan, has declared its participation. The surface of the moon is covered with soil called lunar regolith, which includes fine particles. It is possible that humans will inhale lunar regolith if it is brought into the spaceship. Therefore, an evaluation of the pulmonary effects caused by lunar regolith is important for exploration of the moon. In the present study, we examine the cellular effects of lunar regolith simulant, whose components are similar to those of lunar regolith. We focused on the chemical component and particle size in particular. The regolith simulant was fractionated to < 10 μm, < 25 μm and 10-25 μm by gravitational sedimentation in suspensions. We also examined the cellular effects of fine regolith simulant whose primary particle size is 5.10 μm. These regolith simulants were applied to human lung carcinoma A549 cells at concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0 mg/ml. Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and immune response were examined after 24 h exposure. Cell membrane damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and induction of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) were observed at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml. The cellular effects of the regolith simulant at the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml were small, as compared with crystalline silica as a positive control. Secretion of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was observed at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml, but induction of gene expression was not observed at 24 h after exposure. Induction of cellular oxidative stress was small. Although the cellular effects tended to be stronger in the < 10 μm particles, there was no remarkable difference. These results suggest that the chemical components and particle size have little relationship to the cellular effects of lunar regolith simulant such as cell membrane damage, induction of oxidative stress and proinflammatory effect. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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