Culex (Phalangomyia) apicinus Philippi 1865

Autor: González, Christian R., Reyes-Valenzuela, Carolina, Rossi, Gustavo C., Laurito, Magdalena
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7762540
Popis: Culex (Phalangomyia) apicinus Philippi, 1865 (Figs 1–3) Culex apicinus Philippi, 1865: 596 (A). Type locality: Santiago, Chile (NE). Refs: Dyar 1928: 360 (M*, F, L*, as Culex (Phalangomyia)); Edwards 1932: 206 (as Culex (Culex)); Lane 1953: 341 (M*, F, L*); Forattini 1965: 143 (M*, F); Bram 1967: 26 (M*, F, L; syn.); Belkin, 1968 (type info.). Phalangomyia debilis Dyar & Knab, 1914: 58 (M*, F). Type locality: Matucana, (Lima), Peru (USNM). Refs: Dyar 1926: 42 (as Culex (Phalangomyia)); Dyar 1928: 359 (M*, F, L*); Edwards 1930: 107, 1932: 206 (syn. with Cx. apicinus Philippi, as Culex (Culex)). Culex escomeli Brèthes, 1920: 41 (M*, F). Type locality: Arequipa, Peru (NE). Refs: Dyar 1926: 42 (as Culex (Phalangomyia)); Dyar 1928: 359 (M*, F, L*); Edwards 1930: 107, 1932: 206 (syn. with Cx. apicinus Philippi, as Culex (Culex)). Culex (Phalangomyia) alticola Martini, 1931: 216 (A). Type locality: Serrata, 2,300 m, Bolivia (NHM). Refs: Lane 1953: 341 (M*, F, L; syn. with Cx. apicinus Philippi); Stone 1957: 340 (M*); Belkin 1968: 12 (tax.); Bram 1967: 24, 27 (syn.). Diagnosis. Diagnostic morphological characteristics of Cx. apicinus, contrasted with other species of the subgenus Culex, are as follows (Table 2). Adult: Flagellomere 1 of antenna with scales on median border (Fig. 1A). Proboscis longer than forefemur. Maxillary palpus of female dark brown, with white-scales (Fig. 1A, B). Scutum with 2 narrow denuded stripes between acrostichal and dorsocentral setae; acrostichal, dorsocentral, and supra-alar setae dark brown (Fig. 1C). Wing with white scale-spot near middle of veins M 2 and M 3 (Fig. 1D). Forefemur (2.23–3.01 mm) longer than foretarsomere 1 (1.00– 1.84 mm). Foretarsomere 1 as long as sum of length of foretarsomeres 2–5. Terga II‒VII dark brown-scaled with a complete basal band of pale scales (Fig. 1E). Female genitalia: Upper vaginal lip and sclerite strongly sclerotized, cerci longer than postgenital lobe. Male genitalia: Tergum VIII deeply emarginate. Gonocoxite with 8–20 strong apicolateral setae (Fig. 2A). Subapical lobe with 2 setae: A large leaflet with serration on distal margin and ending in a long filament (seta h), and the other tubular, ending in 2 open arms (seta g) (Fig. 2B). Median lobe partially divided: Larger proximal part bearing 9–28 strong rod-like setae and 2–3 normal setae and the small distal part bearing a strong apically hooked seta, a longer stout seta with a bent fimbriate apex and a shorter stout seta with tip bifurcate (Fig. 2C). Gonostylus with a spiny apical crest (Fig. 2A), with 5–8 subapical setae (Fig. 2D). Dorsal arm of phallosome short (Fig. 2E). Paraproct with a small basolateral arm (Fig. 2E), with 7–20 cercal setae not visible in Fig. 2E), IXth tergal lobe with 2–13 setae in 1 or 2 rows. Pupa: Trumpet conical (Fig. 3A) opening wide, large and oval. At least alveolus of seta 13-III–VI present and paddle with minute spicules on the surface (Fig. 3B). Larva (fourth instar): Head, segment X and siphon heavily tanned (Fig. 3C). Siphon unique (Fig. 3C), as follows: siphon index 2.50–3.33 (mean 2.94), pecten on basal 0.60, with 5–11 spines, seta 1-S usually in 5 pairs, 1a, 1b-S inserted between pecten spines, 1e/f-S out of line. Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru.
Published as part of González, Christian R., Reyes-Valenzuela, Carolina, Rossi, Gustavo C. & Laurito, Magdalena, 2023, Revalidation of Phalangomyia Dyar & Knab as a subgenus of Culex L. (Diptera: Culicidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence, pp. 544-564 in Zootaxa 5256 (6) on page 552, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5256.6.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7762560
{"references":["Philippi, R. A. (1865) Aufzahlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Ko ¨ niglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 15, 595 - 782, 7 pls.","Dyar, H. G. (1928) The mosquitoes of the Americas. Carnegie Institute Washington Publishing, Washington, D. C., 616 pp.","Edwards, F. W. (1932) Genera Insectorum. Diptera, Fam. Culicidae. Fascicle 194. V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Bruxelles [Brussels], 258 pp., 5 pls.","Lane, J. (1953) Neotropical Culicidae. Vol. 1. Editora da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 548 pp.","Forattini, O. P. (1965) Entomologia Medica. Editora da Universidad de SaTo Paulo, SaTo Paulo, 506 pp.","Bram, R. A. (1967) Classification of Culex subgenus Culex in the New World (Diptera: Culicidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 120 (3557), 1 - 122.","Belkin, J. N. (1968) Mosquito studies (Diptera: Culicidae). IX. The type specimens of New World mosquitoes in European museums. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 3 (4), 1 - 69.","Dyar, H. G. & Knab, F. (1914) New mosquitoes from Peru. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, 2 (4), 58 - 62.","Dyar, H. G. (1926) A note on Phalangomyia. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, 14, 41 - 43.","Edwards, F. W. (1930) Bibionidae, Scatopsidae, Cecidomyiidae, Culicidae, Thaumaleidae (Orphnephilidae), Anisopodidae (Rhyphidae). Fascicle 3. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile based mainly on material in the British Museum (Natural History). Pt. 2. British Museum of Natural History, London, pp. 77 - 120.","Brethes, J. (1920) Description d´un nouveau moustique du Perou. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 24, 41 - 43.","Martini, E. (1931) Ueber einige s ¸ damerikanische Culiciden. Revista de Entomologia Rio de Janeiro, 1 (2), 199 - 219.","Stone, A. (1957) Corrections in the taxonomy and nomenclature of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58 (6), 333 - 344. [for 1956]"]}
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