Multiresidues of environmental contaminants in bats from Turkey
Autor: | Özcan Özkan, Ilker Simsek, Ayhan Filazi, Begum Yurdakok-Dikmen, Ozgur Kuzukiran, Tarkan Yorulmaz |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Male
Environmental Engineering Turkey Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 0208 environmental biotechnology Quinalphos Environmental pollution 02 engineering and technology Myotis myotis 010501 environmental sciences Biology 01 natural sciences Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry chemistry.chemical_compound Chiroptera Environmental Chemistry Animals Humans Phosalone Pipistrellus pipistrellus Pesticides 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health General Medicine General Chemistry Pesticide biology.organism_classification Pollution 020801 environmental engineering Parathion chemistry Environmental chemistry Endrin Environmental Pollutants Female Environmental Monitoring |
Zdroj: | Chemosphere. 282 |
ISSN: | 1879-1298 |
Popis: | Bat populations have been steadily declining, most likely because of anthropogenic factors. Identification and classification of these risks have crucial importance in ensuring the survival of this species. Bats often coexist with humans in urban, industrial, and agricultural areas and are potentially exposed to a range of environmental pollutants. Two bat species widely distributed in Turkey were selected, and the residues of pesticides and organic contaminants in their carcasses were analyzed using: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Species and sex specific differences were evaluated along with their potential to be used as bioindicators. During the rigor mortis period, 23 adult Pipistrellus pipistrellus (11 female and 12 male) and 19 adult Myotis myotis (9 female and 10 male) were collected and 322 contaminants (pesticides and organic contaminants) were analyzed in whole carcasses of bats by using a validated method. Multiple pesticides and organic contaminants were detected in all collected 42 bats. The most frequent contamination was detected as 4,4-DDE, followed by ethoprophos, quinalphos, methidation, paraoxon-methyl, phosalone and tetramethrin. The least common compounds were as follows: 2,4-DDD, endrin, HCH-alpha, fenamiphos sulfoxide, parathion ethyl, bitertanol, oxycarboxin, procymidone, fluazifop-butyl, trifluralin, bifenazate, DMF, fenpyroximate, PBDE-47, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, and benzo(g,h,i) perylene; of these only one was found in each bat. In terms of frequency and concentration, there was no significant difference between species and sex. An average of 26.1 pollutants was found in each bat. Thus, it was concluded that bats can be used as potential bioindicators in determining environmental pollution. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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