The effect of infectious burden on the prevalence of atopy and respiratory allergies in Iceland, Estonia, and Sweden
| Autor: | Runa Bjorg Sigurjonsdottir, David Gislason, Elízabet Cook, Isleifur Olafsson, Alda Birgisdóttir, Rain Jögi, Maria Gunnbjornsdottir, Thorarinn Gislason, Christer Janson, Hulda Asbjörnsdottir, Bjarni Thjodleifsson |
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| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Estonia Hypersensitivity Immediate Male Allergy Immunology Iceland Congenital cytomegalovirus infection Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Herpesvirus 1 Human Infections Helicobacter Infections Serology Atopy Hygiene hypothesis Risk Factors Seroepidemiologic Studies Prevalence medicine Animals Humans Immunology and Allergy Asthma Sweden Chlamydia Helicobacter pylori business.industry Herpes Simplex Chlamydia Infections Chlamydophila pneumoniae Hepatitis A Immunoglobulin E medicine.disease Immunoglobulin G Female Hepatitis A virus business Toxoplasma Toxoplasmosis Blood sampling |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 120:673-679 |
| ISSN: | 0091-6749 |
| Popis: | Background Epidemiologic reports on the effect of microbe exposure on the development of atopy and allergic asthma are inconsistent. Objectives The study investigates the association between serologic markers of infections and occurrence of atopy, allergic asthma, and rhinitis among adults in Iceland, Sweden, and Estonia. Methods Individuals (n = 1249; mean age, 42 years) from Iceland, Sweden, and Estonia underwent a structured interview and blood sampling. Specific IgE was measured against 4 allergens, and IgG antibodies were measured against Helicobacter pylori , Toxoplasmosis gondii , hepatitis A virus, herpes simplex virus 1, Chlamydia pneumoniae , EBV, and cytomegalovirus. Results Nonatopic subjects more often had positive serology for Helicobacter pylori , herpes simplex virus 1, Chlamydia pneumoniae , and cytomegalovirus. Having a low number (≤3) of IgG antibodies against the various infectious agents was an independent risk factor for atopy (odds ratio [OR], 1.43; 95% CI, 1.06-1.93), allergic asthma (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.12-2.98), and allergic rhinitis (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.21-2.37). The proportion of atopy that can be explained by a lower number (≤3) of infections was 6.7% in Iceland, 9.2% in Estonia, and 16.4% in Sweden, and 6.7%, 48.2%, and 33.4% for allergic asthma, respectively. Conclusion Our data are consistent with cumulative protective effect of infections against atopy and respiratory allergies irrespective of route of infection. Clinical implications The study indicates what microbes or combination of microbes play a role in the complex interplay between hygiene and allergy and may contribute toward the understanding of the allergy epidemic. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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