Studies on the contributions of smoke constituents, individually and in mixtures, in a range of in vitro bioactivity assays
| Autor: | Timo Hagemeister, Joerg Diekmann, Detlef J. Veltel, Boris P. Mueller, Franz J. Tewes, Arno Knorr, Wolf Reininghaus, Hans-Juergen Haussmann, Ewald Roemer, Regina Stabbert, Pavel Pospisil, Christian Euchenhofer, Ruth Dempsey |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Neutral red Cell Survival Context (language use) 010501 environmental sciences Toxicology 01 natural sciences Tobacco smoke Mice 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Smoke Tobacco Animals Bioassay Food science Sidestream smoke Cytotoxicity 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Mutagenicity Tests Chemistry Biological activity 3T3 Cells Tobacco Products General Medicine Glutathione 030104 developmental biology Environmental chemistry Biological Assay Tobacco Smoke Pollution |
| Zdroj: | Toxicology in Vitro. 42:222-246 |
| ISSN: | 0887-2333 |
| Popis: | Tobacco smoke is a complex mixture with over 8700 identified constituents. Smoking causes many diseases including lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the mechanisms of how cigarette smoke impacts disease initiation or progression are not well understood and individual smoke constituents causing these effects are not generally agreed upon. The studies reported here were part of a series of investigations into the contributions of selected smoke constituents to the biological activity of cigarette smoke. In vitro cytotoxicity measured by the neutral red uptake (NRU) assay and in vitro mutagenicity determined in the Ames bacterial mutagenicity assay (BMA) were selected because these assays are known to produce reproducible, quantitative results for cigarette smoke under standardized exposure conditions. In order to determine the contribution of individual cigarette smoke constituents, a fingerprinting method was developed to semi-quantify the mainstream smoke yields. For cytotoxicity, 90% of gas vapor phase (GVP) cytotoxicity of the Kentucky Reference cigarette 1R4F was explained by 3 aldehydes and 40% of the 1R4F particulate phase cytotoxicity by 10 smoke constituents, e.g., hydroquinone. In the microsuspension version of the BMA, 4 aldehydes accounted for approximately 70% of the GVP mutagenicity. Finally, the benefits of performing such studies along with the difficulties in interpretation in the context of smoking are discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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