Specific risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission among health care workers in a university hospital

Autor: Nihal Pişkin, Ayşegül Salcı Keleş, Mehmet Ali Tüz, Güven Çelebi, Demet Hacıseyitoğlu, Yurdagül Altunay, Bulent Altinsoy, Arzum Çelik Bekleviç
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Infectious Disease Transmission
Patient-to-Professional
Isolation (health care)
Epidemiology
Health Personnel
education
Pneumonia
Viral
Specific risk
Article
Hospitals
University
03 medical and health sciences
Betacoronavirus
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
Occupational Exposure
Health care
Medicine
Infection control
Humans
Health care worker
030212 general & internal medicine
Young adult
Pandemics
0303 health sciences
030306 microbiology
business.industry
Transmission (medicine)
SARS-CoV-2
Health Policy
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Case-control study
transmission
virus diseases
COVID-19
Middle Aged
Confidence interval
Infectious Diseases
risk factor
Case-Control Studies
Emergency medicine
Female
business
Coronavirus Infections
Zdroj: American Journal of Infection Control
ISSN: 1527-3296
Popis: Highlights • HCWs face a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission during serving health care • Transmission may also occur in non-medical areas while speaking or eating • Proper use of PPE and basic infection control precautions are essential
Aim To investigate the specific risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission among HCWs in a tertiary care university hospital. Methods Upper respiratory samples of HCWs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. A case-control study was conducted to explore the possible risk factors that lead to SARS-CoV-2 transmission to HCWs. Results Of 703 HCWs screened between March 20 and May 20, 2020, 50 (7.1%) were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2. The positivity rates for SARS-CoV-2 among physicians, nurses, cleaning personnel, and the other occupations were 6.3%, 8.0%, 9.1%, and 2.6%, respectively. The infection rate was 8.3% among HCWs who worked in COVID-19 units and 3.4% among those who did not work in COVID-19 units (RR = 2.449, CI = 1.062–5.649, p = .027). The presence of a SARS-CoV-2 positive person in the household (p = .016), inappropriate use of personnel protective equipment (PPE) while caring for patients with COVID-19 infection (p = .003), staying in the same personnel break room as an HCW without a medical mask for more than 15 minutes (p = .000), consuming food within one meter of an HCW (p = .003), and failure to keep a safe social distance from an HCW (p = .003) were statistically significant risk factors for infection. Conclusion HCWs have a high risk for SARS-CoV-2 transmission while providing care to COVID-19 patients. Transmission may also occur in non-medical areas of the hospital while speaking or eating. Periodic screening of HCWs for SARS-CoV-2 may enable early detection and isolation of infected HCWs.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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