Dual neurocircuitry dysfunctions in disruptive behavior disorders: emotional responding and response inhibition
Autor: | Stephen Sinclair, R.J.R. Blair, Stuart F. White, W. C. Williams, Zachary T. Nolan, Soonjo Hwang |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Conduct Disorder
Male medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Emotions Ventromedial prefrontal cortex Inferior frontal gyrus Prefrontal Cortex Audiology Amygdala Article Developmental psychology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Humans Prefrontal cortex Child Applied Psychology Cerebral Cortex medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Inhibition Psychological medicine.anatomical_structure Conduct disorder Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Stroop Test Female Analysis of variance Psychology Insula 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Stroop effect |
Zdroj: | Psychological medicine. 46(7) |
ISSN: | 1469-8978 0033-2917 |
Popis: | BackgroundTo determine the functional integrity of the neural systems involved in emotional responding/regulation and response control/inhibition in youth (age 10–18 years) with disruptive behavioral disorders (DBDs: conduct disorder and/or oppositional defiant disorder) as a function of callous-unemotional (CU) traits.MethodTwenty-eight healthy youths and 35 youths with DBD [high CU (HCU), n = 18; low CU (LCU), n = 17] performed the fMRI Affective Stroop task. Participants viewed positive, neutral, and negative images under varying levels of cognitive load. A 3-way ANOVA (group×emotion by task) was conducted on the BOLD response data.ResultsYouth with DBD-HCU showed significantly less activation of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and amygdala in response to negative stimuli, compared to healthy youth and youth with DBD-LCU. vmPFC responsiveness was inversely related to CU symptoms in DBD. Youth with DBD-LCU showed decreased functional connectivity between amygdala and regions including inferior frontal gyrus in response to emotional stimuli. Youth with DBD (LCU and HCU) additionally showed decreased insula responsiveness to high load (incongruent trials) compared to healthy youth. Insula responsiveness was inversely related to ADHD symptoms in DBD.ConclusionsThese data reveal two forms of pathophysiology in DBD. One associated with reduced amygdala and vmPFC responses to negative stimuli and related to increased CU traits. Another associated with reduced insula responses during high load task trials and related to ADHD symptoms. Appropriate treatment will need to be individualized according to the patient's specific pathophysiology. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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