Evaluation of California’s ‘Tobacco 21’ law
| Autor: | Xueying Zhang, Tam D. Vuong, April Roeseler, Elizabeth Andersen-Rodgers |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
surveillance and monitoring Smoking device Health Knowledge Attitudes Practice Health (social science) Tobacco use Adolescent public policy media_common.quotation_subject Public policy Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Conformity California Odds Tobacco Use Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Young adult health care economics and organizations media_common Models Statistical 030505 public health Age Factors Commerce Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Tobacco Products Awareness Effective date Tobacco sales Law public opinion Female 0305 other medical science Psychology Research Paper |
| Zdroj: | Tobacco Control |
| ISSN: | 1468-3318 0964-4563 |
| Popis: | IntroductionCalifornia’s law raising the minimum tobacco sales age to 21 went into effect on 9 June 2016. This law, known as ‘Tobacco 21’ or ‘T21’, also expanded the definition of tobacco to include electronic smoking devices. This paper describes the T21 evaluation plan and initial evaluation results.MethodsAn evaluation plan and logic model were created to evaluate T21. A tobacco retailer poll was conducted 7 months after the law went into effect to assess awareness, support and implementation; an online survey of California adults was fielded to provide data on tobacco use and attitudinal changes before and after T21 implementation; and tobacco purchase surveys were conducted to assess the retailer violation rate (RVR). Multivariate models estimated the odds of RVR and odds of being aware, agreeing with and observing advertisements related to T21.ResultsSeven months after the T21 effective date, 98.6% of retailers were aware of the law and 60.6% supported the law. Furthermore, 66.2% of retailers agreed that people who start smoking before 21 would become addicted to tobacco products. The RVR using youth decoys under age 18 statistically decreased from 10.3% before T21 to 5.7% after T21 (P=0.002). Furthermore, the RVR using young adult decoys ages 18–19 was 14.2% (95% CI 9.3% to 19.1%) for traditional tobacco and 13.1% (95% CI 10.2% to 16.1%) for electronic smoking devices.ConclusionsSurvey findings suggest that the high awareness and support for the law may have contributed to reducing illegal tobacco sales to youth under 18 and achieving widespread retailer conformity with the new law disallowing sales to young adults under 21. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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