Effects of sex hormones on brain GABA and glutamate levels in a cis- and transgender cohort
| Autor: | B, Spurny-Dworak, P, Handschuh, M, Spies, U, Kaufmann, R, Seiger, M, Klöbl, M E, Konadu, M B, Reed, V, Ritter, P, Baldinger-Melich, W, Bogner, G S, Kranz, R, Lanzenberger |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Neurotransmitter Agents Endocrine and Autonomic Systems Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Receptors Antigen T-Cell Brain Gender Identity Glutamic Acid Transgender Persons Psychiatry and Mental health Endocrinology Humans Female Testosterone Gonadal Steroid Hormones gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Biological Psychiatry |
| Zdroj: | Psychoneuroendocrinology. 138:105683 |
| ISSN: | 0306-4530 |
| Popis: | Sex hormones affect the GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitter system as demonstrated in animal studies. However, human research has mostly been correlational in nature. Here, we aimed at substantiating causal interpretations of the interaction between sex hormones and neurotransmitter function by using magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) to study the effect of gender-affirming hormone treatment (GHT) in transgender individuals. Fifteen trans men (TM) with a DSM-5 diagnosis of gender dysphoria, undergoing GHT, and 15 age-matched cisgender women (CW), receiving no therapy, underwent MRSI before and after at least 12 weeks. Additionally, sex differences in neurotransmitter levels were evaluated in an independent sample of 80 cisgender men and 79 cisgender women. Mean GABA+ (combination of GABA and macromolecules) and Glx (combination of glutamate and glutamine) ratios to total creatine (GABA+/tCr, Glx/tCr) were calculated in five predefined regions-of-interest (hippocampus, insula, pallidum, putamen and thalamus). Linear mixed models analysis revealed a significant measurement by gender identity effect (p |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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