Effects of Pictorial Warning Labels for Cigarettes and Quit-Efficacy on Emotional Responses, Smoking Satisfaction, and Cigarette Consumption
| Autor: | Joseph M. Macisco, Peters Ellen, Mary Kate Tompkins, Martin Tusler, Daniel Romer, Abigail T. Evans, Michael Fardal, Stuart G. Ferguson, Andrew A. Strasser |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Emotions Smoking Prevention Personal Satisfaction Product Labeling Article Cigarette Smoking Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cigarette smoking Outcome Assessment Health Care Humans 030212 general & internal medicine General Psychology Consumption (economics) Self-efficacy 030505 public health Tobacco Products Middle Aged Self Efficacy Experimental research Psychiatry and Mental health Health psychology Pattern Recognition Visual Reading Female Smoking Cessation 0305 other medical science Psychology Social psychology Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 52:53-64 |
| ISSN: | 1532-4796 0883-6612 |
| Popis: | Experimental research on pictorial warning labels for cigarettes has primarily examined immediate intentions to quit.Here, we present the results of a clinical trial testing the impact on smoking during and after a 28-day period of naturalistic exposure to pictorial versus text-only warnings.Daily cigarette smokers (N = 244) at two sites in the USA were randomly assigned to receive their regular brand of cigarettes for 4 weeks with one of three warnings: (a) text-only, (b) pictures and text as proposed by FDA, or (c) the warnings proposed by FDA with additional text that elaborated on the risks of smoking. Analyses examined the effects of pictorial versus text-only warnings and self-efficacy for quitting on cigarette consumption during and 1 month after the trial as mediated by emotional and cognitive responses as well as satisfaction with smoking.Stronger emotional responses to pictorial than text-only warnings predicted reduced satisfaction with smoking during the trial and lower cigarette consumption at follow-up among the majority of smokers who continued to smoke. Consistent with the efficacy-desire model, those with moderate efficacy reported the greatest reduction in consumption at follow-up. However, a small proportion of smokers (7%) who reported 7-day abstinence at follow-up did not exhibit a significant relation with self-efficacy.Pictorial warning labels proposed by FDA create unfavorable emotional reactions to smoking that predict reduced cigarette use compared to text alone, with even smokers low in self-efficacy exhibiting some reduction. Predictions that low self-efficacy smokers will respond unfavorably to warnings were not supported. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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