Psychomotor slowing is associated with anomalies in baseline and prospective large scale neural networks in youth with epilepsy
| Autor: | Vivek Prabhakaran, David Hsu, Bruce P. Hermann, Elizabeth Meyerand, Jana E. Jones, Kevin Dabbs, Camille Garcia-Ramos, Michael Seidenberg |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Cerebellum medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Cognitive Neuroscience Audiology Neuropsychological Tests lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics lcsh:RC346-429 050105 experimental psychology 03 medical and health sciences Epilepsy 0302 clinical medicine Cognition medicine Image Processing Computer-Assisted Reaction Time Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Association (psychology) Child lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Psychomotor learning medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry 05 social sciences Magnetic resonance imaging Regular Article medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging medicine.anatomical_structure Cross-Sectional Studies Neurology Temporal Regions Epilepsy syndromes lcsh:R858-859.7 Female Neurology (clinical) business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Psychomotor Performance |
| Zdroj: | NeuroImage : Clinical NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 19, Iss, Pp 222-231 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 2213-1582 |
| Popis: | Purpose Psychomotor slowing is a common but understudied cognitive impairment in epilepsy. Here we test the hypothesis that psychomotor slowing is associated with alterations in brain status reflected through network analysis of large scale structural networks. We test the hypothesis that children with epilepsy with cognitive slowing at diagnosis will exhibit a cross-sectional and prospective pattern of altered brain development. Methods A total of 78 children (age 8–18) with new/recent idiopathic epilepsies underwent 1.5 T MRI with network analysis of cortical, subcortical and cerebellar volumes. Children with epilepsy were divided into slow and fast psychomotor speed groups (adjusted for age, intelligence and epilepsy syndrome). Results At baseline, slow-speed performers (SSP) presented lower modularity, lower global efficiency, higher transitivity, and lower number of hubs than fast-speed performers (FSP). Community structure in SSP exhibited poor association between cortical regions and both subcortical structures and the cerebellum while FSP presented well-defined communities. Prospectively, SSP displayed lower modularity but higher global efficiency and transitivity compared to FSP. Modules in FSP showed higher integration between and within themselves compared to SSP. SSP showed hubs mainly from frontal and temporal regions while in FSP were spread among frontal, temporal, parietal, subcortical areas and the left cerebellum. Implications Results suggest the presence of widespread alterations in large scale networks between fast- and slow-speed children with recent onset epilepsies both at baseline and 2 years later. Slower processing speed appears to be a marker of abnormal brain development antecedent to epilepsy onset as well as brain development over the 2 years following diagnosis. Highlights • Baseline: slow-speed performers (SSP) showed lower modularity and global efficiency • They also showed higher transitivity but fewer hubs than fast-speed performers (FSP) • Prospective: SSP showed lower modularity, harmonic mean and higher transitivity • Regional volume changes seem to be occurring as one in SSP, but more modular in FSP • SSP showed hubs mainly from frontal and temporal while FSP showed them widespread |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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